What causes kidney stones?

Kidney stones are common and frequently occurring diseases in urology. The mechanism of kidney stone formation is currently unclear. The factors of formation may be related to ethnic lifestyle, dietary structure, hormone secretion in the individual body, genetics and other factors. Kidney stones can be prevented in different ways according to the composition of the stones. According to the composition, they can be divided into uric acid stones, calcium oxalate stones, phosphate stones, cystine stones, etc. The prevention strategy for each type of stone is different, and different prevention plans need to be selected according to the different composition of the stones.

What are the symptoms of mild kidney stones?

Mild kidney stones generally do not have obvious symptoms. Generally, small stones with smooth surfaces can be discharged from the body with urine and will not cause obvious symptoms. If the stones are relatively large, some symptoms such as difficulty urinating, nausea, and hematuria may appear. For the treatment of kidney stones, if the stones are small, you can drink more water and urinate frequently. Small stones can be discharged from the body. If the stones are large, extracorporeal lithotripsy is required. After the large stones are broken up, they can be discharged from the body by taking oral stone removal particles.

What tests are done for kidney stones?

Kidney stone examination mainly involves imaging examinations and combined with urine routine results. Color Doppler ultrasound is the most commonly used method for screening. However, some calcium carbonate stones cannot be visualized, so filming or CT examinations can be performed, which are of great significance for the size and location of the stones, as well as whether there is hydronephrosis. If the stone is very small, the specific situation of the stone can be preliminarily determined through the characteristics of stone pain and urine routine examinations. After the stone appears, different treatment methods can be adopted according to the specific situation of the stone. Stones without obvious symptoms and not combined with hydronephrosis are mainly observed. Drink more water and exercise more, and do not eat foods high in calcium. If the stone causes obvious pain and hematuria, you need to go to the urology department of a regular hospital for targeted treatment.