How to detect gallstones

Patients with gallstones can be accurately diagnosed through imaging and laboratory tests, including ultrasound, CT, magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRCP) and other methods. These technologies can clearly observe the condition of the gallbladder and bile duct, helping doctors determine the size, location and number of stones.

Ultrasound is the preferred method for detecting gallstones because it is safe, non-invasive and inexpensive. Through ultrasound, doctors can directly observe whether there are stones in the gallbladder that reflect signals and whether the gallbladder wall is thickened. For some small stones or bile duct stones that are difficult to detect with ultrasound, CT examination can be further performed. CT can provide clearer images, especially for calcified stones. If you need a more accurate understanding of problems such as bile duct stones or bile duct obstruction, magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRCP) can be used. It uses magnetic resonance technology to fully image the bile duct system without the injection of contrast agents. In addition, for patients suspected of infection or gallbladder dysfunction, blood tests for liver function indicators, bilirubin levels, and inflammatory indicators (such as C-reactive protein) are also very important. These laboratory tests can assist in determining complications of stones such as cholecystitis or cholangitis.

After the discovery of gallstones, appropriate treatment measures need to be taken according to the symptoms, size and degree of impact of the stones on life. Asymptomatic small stones can be observed through regular physical examinations, while patients with recurrent pain, nausea, and vomiting may require medication or surgical intervention. Drug options include oral litholytic drugs such as ursodeoxycholic acid, but these drugs are often only suitable for cholesterol stones with a diameter of less than 10 mm and need to be taken for a long time. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is currently the gold standard surgery for the treatment of gallstones. It is suitable for patients with severe symptoms or obvious complications. The surgery is less invasive and has a quick recovery. For those who are unable to undergo surgery or for special populations, there are also options for stone removal through endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or cholecystostomy drainage.

Early diagnosis and intervention of gallstones can significantly improve the quality of life. Paying attention to daily diet and regular life is the key to preventing the development of gallstones. It is recommended to reduce the intake of high-fat, high-cholesterol foods and eat more fiber-rich fruits and vegetables, and whole grains. At the same time, maintaining moderate exercise can help prevent obesity and metabolic disorders. If you have been diagnosed with gallstones, you should pay attention to follow-up. At the same time, if you have acute upper abdominal pain accompanied by fever, jaundice and other symptoms, you should go to the hospital immediately to avoid more serious complications caused by delayed treatment. Every warning signal from the body is worth listening to and being responsible for your health.