What tests should be done for breast cysts

Breast cysts require ultrasound, mammography, and, if necessary, puncture to determine the nature, size, and need for further treatment. These tests can help doctors clarify the condition and develop appropriate treatment plans.

1) Breast ultrasound

Ultrasound examination is the first choice for diagnosing breast cysts. Ultrasound can clearly show the internal structure of the breast, distinguish between cystic and solid lesions, and evaluate the size, shape and cystic fluid of the cyst. For simple cysts (round, clear boundaries, uniform cystic fluid without echoes), they are usually considered benign and do not require special treatment; if they are complex cysts (with septa or uneven echoes), further investigation may be required. Ultrasound examination is fast, safe, and does not require radiation exposure.

2) Molybdenum target X-ray examination

Mammography can be used to further evaluate breast cysts, especially those with more complex solid cystic lesions or those with high breast density. Mammography can detect the presence of breast calcifications or the possibility of coexistence with other lesions, such as fibroadenomas or breast cancer. Usually, mammography is combined with ultrasound to provide more comprehensive information for diagnosis.

3) Biopsy (fine needle aspiration or core needle aspiration)

When the nature of a breast cyst is difficult to determine through imaging, or when the cyst has obvious symptoms, a large amount of cystic fluid, or local discomfort occurs, the doctor may recommend a puncture examination. Fine needle aspiration biopsy can extract cystic fluid to rule out special circumstances such as infection and cancer; coarse needle aspiration biopsy can obtain breast tissue samples to confirm the pathological diagnosis. If the cyst shrinks or even disappears completely after the puncture, it is benign and generally does not require further treatment.

The purpose of breast cyst examination is to exclude malignant lesions and to clarify the nature of the cyst and its impact on health. If ultrasound and other examinations indicate that the cyst is not particularly dangerous, no treatment is required. If the examination finds that the cyst has recurred many times, is complex in nature, or is accompanied by obvious symptoms, further treatment is required according to the doctor's advice. If you encounter breast problems, you should see a doctor as soon as possible to ensure your health and safety.