What are the symptoms of bone tuberculosis?

Symptoms of bone TB include local pain, swelling, and functional impairment as well as systemic symptoms such as low-grade fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Treatment requires a combination of anti-TB drugs, surgical intervention, and nutritional support.

1. Local pain is a common symptom of bone tuberculosis. The pain is usually related to the diseased bones and may be aggravated at night. The degree of pain varies depending on the severity of the disease. In the early stage, it may only be dull pain. As the disease progresses, the pain will gradually increase.

2. Swelling is another typical manifestation of bone tuberculosis. Local soft tissue swelling, increased skin temperature, and even abscess formation may occur at the lesion site. The extent of swelling is related to the extent of the lesion, and in severe cases, it may affect limb function.

3. Functional impairment is one of the important symptoms of bone tuberculosis. The mobility of the affected area may be limited. For example, spinal tuberculosis may cause difficulty in bending over, and joint tuberculosis may cause joint stiffness or limited mobility.

4. Systemic symptoms include low fever, night sweats, fatigue, loss of appetite and weight loss. These symptoms are related to systemic infection of tuberculosis and may indicate disease progression or active infection.

A comprehensive approach is required to treat bone tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculosis drugs are the basic treatment. Commonly used drugs include isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide, which need to be taken regularly and long-term. Surgical treatment is suitable for severe cases, such as lesion removal, bone graft fusion and joint replacement, which can effectively relieve symptoms and restore function. Nutritional support is essential for recovery. It is recommended to increase the intake of protein, vitamins and minerals, such as eggs, milk, lean meat and fresh vegetables, while avoiding high-sugar and high-fat diets.

The symptoms of bone tuberculosis are diverse, and early detection and treatment are crucial to prognosis. Through standardized drug treatment, necessary surgical intervention and scientific nutritional support, patients can effectively control the disease and improve their quality of life.