What causes osteoporosis at the age of 46?

The causes of osteoporosis at the age of 46 may include genetics, environmental factors, physiological changes, trauma, and pathological factors. Treatments include medication, diet adjustment, and exercise intervention.

1. Genetic factors

Osteoporosis may be related to heredity. People with a family history of osteoporosis have a higher risk of the disease. Genes affect bone density and bone metabolism, leading to bone loss. It is recommended that people with a family history undergo regular bone density tests and early intervention.

2. Environmental factors

Long-term lack of sunlight, insufficient vitamin D intake, smoking, drinking and other bad living habits will increase the risk of osteoporosis. Sunlight is an important source of vitamin D, and lack of it will lead to poor calcium absorption. It is recommended to get some sunlight every day, quit smoking and limit alcohol, and maintain a healthy lifestyle.

3. Physiological factors

As we age, especially after women enter menopause, the decline in estrogen levels will accelerate bone loss. Men may also develop osteoporosis due to a drop in testosterone levels. It is recommended that women have their bone density checked regularly after menopause and undergo hormone replacement therapy if necessary.

4. Trauma

Fractures or long-term bed rest may lead to bone loss and increase the risk of osteoporosis. Lack of proper nutrition and exercise during bone repair after trauma may affect the recovery of bone density. It is recommended to conduct rehabilitation training in time after trauma and supplement calcium and vitamin D.

5. Pathological factors

Certain diseases such as hyperthyroidism, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis may affect bone metabolism and lead to osteoporosis. Long-term use of drugs such as glucocorticoids can also increase the risk of disease. It is recommended that people with related diseases monitor bone density regularly and adjust treatment plans under the guidance of a doctor.

Treatment:

1. Drug treatment

Bisphosphonates: such as alendronate, can inhibit bone resorption and increase bone density.

Selective estrogen receptor modulators: such as raloxifene, are suitable for postmenopausal women to reduce bone loss.

Calcium and vitamin D supplements: such as calcium carbonate and calcitriol, help maintain bone health.

2. Diet adjustment

Increase the intake of calcium-rich foods: such as milk, soy products, and green leafy vegetables.

Supplement vitamin D: such as fish, egg yolks, and fortified foods.

Reduce high-salt and high-sugar diets: avoid affecting calcium absorption.

3. Exercise intervention

Weight-bearing exercise: such as walking and jogging, helps to increase bone density.

Strength training: such as weightlifting and resistance band training, can stimulate bone growth.

Balance training: such as yoga and Tai Chi, reduces the risk of falling.

The prevention and treatment of osteoporosis at the age of 46 requires a combination of methods, including medication, dietary adjustments, and exercise intervention. Regular bone density checks, early detection, and intervention are key. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and avoiding bad habits can help reduce the risk of disease.