Why do gallstones occur?

The formation of gallstones is mainly due to crystal deposition caused by oversaturation of cholesterol and bile and abnormal gallbladder function. Genetic factors play an important role in the formation of gallstones. For example, cholesterol metabolism disorders may make some people more prone to gallstone formation. At the same time, environmental factors such as eating habits, obesity, lack of exercise and rapid weight loss are also closely related to it. A high-fat, low-fiber diet can lead to an increase in cholesterol concentration in bile, promoting stone formation. In terms of physiological factors, age, gender and pregnancy may affect the incidence of gallstones, especially in middle-aged and elderly women and pregnant women. Long-term fasting or irregular diet may also increase the risk of stones due to abnormal gallbladder contraction. Pathological factors such as chronic cholecystitis and biliary infection further aggravate the changes in bile composition, thereby promoting the formation of gallstones.

To prevent and treat gallstones, we should first start with diet and lifestyle. Maintain regular eating habits, consume more fiber-rich foods such as whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and reduce the intake of high-cholesterol and high-fat foods. At the same time, encourage maintaining a healthy weight and improve metabolism and gallbladder health through methods such as aerobic exercise. For gallstones that have already formed, drug therapy such as ursodeoxycholic acid can help dissolve small stones, but the effect is limited. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is also one of the non-invasive treatment options, which uses sound waves to break up the stones and then expel them from the body. Severe cases may require laparoscopic cholecystectomy to completely avoid recurrence.

To prevent and treat gallstones, we should first start with diet and lifestyle. Maintain regular eating habits, consume more fiber-rich foods such as whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and reduce the intake of high-cholesterol and high-fat foods. At the same time, encourage maintaining a healthy weight and improve metabolism and gallbladder health through methods such as aerobic exercise. For gallstones that have already formed, drug therapy such as ursodeoxycholic acid can help dissolve small stones, but the effect is limited. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is also one of the non-invasive treatment options, which uses sound waves to break up the stones and then expel them from the body. Severe cases may require laparoscopic cholecystectomy to completely avoid recurrence.

Patients with gallstones should pay attention to changes in symptoms. If severe upper abdominal pain, fever or jaundice occur, they should seek medical attention immediately. Avoid overeating and have regular physical examinations to understand the health of the gallbladder. Maintaining good living habits and a reasonable diet is the key to preventing the occurrence of gallstones. Paying attention to your own health, early detection and intervention can effectively reduce the occurrence of complications.