Bladder stones and urinary stones

Bladder stones and urinary stones usually require imaging tests, urine analysis, and blood tests to confirm the diagnosis. Different examination methods can help determine the location, size, and composition of the stones, thereby formulating an accurate treatment plan.

Imaging examinations are the main means of diagnosing stones, including ultrasound, plain X-rays (KUB), CT scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ultrasound is the most commonly used non-invasive examination method and can quickly detect larger stones in the bladder. For smaller stones or suspected cases, CT scans (especially low-dose spiral CT) are currently the most sensitive examination tools, which can clearly show the location of the stones and whether they cause obstruction. X-rays are suitable for viewing calcium stones, but not for uric acid stones. MRI is mainly used for patients who are not suitable for radiation examinations, such as pregnant women. Urinalysis can identify infection, pH, and whether there is hematuria, indicating the type of stone. Blood tests are used to screen for possible metabolic abnormalities, such as abnormal calcium, uric acid, and creatinine levels.

Imaging examinations are the main means of diagnosing stones, including ultrasound, plain X-rays (KUB), CT scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ultrasound is the most commonly used non-invasive examination method and can quickly detect larger stones in the bladder. For smaller stones or suspected cases, CT scans (especially low-dose spiral CT) are currently the most sensitive examination tools, which can clearly show the location of the stones and whether they cause obstruction. X-rays are suitable for viewing calcium stones, but not for uric acid stones. MRI is mainly used for patients who are not suitable for radiation examinations, such as pregnant women. Urinalysis can identify infection, pH, and whether there is hematuria, indicating the type of stone. Blood tests are used to screen for possible metabolic abnormalities, such as abnormal calcium, uric acid, and creatinine levels.

If you suspect that the stones have induced infection or obstruction, it is recommended to seek medical attention as soon as possible. After diagnosis, patients should adjust their diet according to the type of stones, such as drinking more water and reducing oxalate and salt intake; if the stones are large and cannot be discharged on their own, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), cystoscopic lithotripsy or percutaneous nephrolithotomy are commonly used treatments. In daily life, it is recommended to maintain a clear urine intake of water and regular follow-up to monitor the risk of stone occurrence or recurrence.