What diseases can cause perianal abscesses?

Perianal abscesses are usually caused by bacterial infection that leads to obstruction of perianal glands. They may also be related to gastrointestinal diseases, immune dysfunction or trauma. In severe cases, surgical treatment is required. Understanding the specific causes will help with timely prevention and intervention.

Bacterial infection is the most common cause of perianal abscess, especially infection caused by intestinal flora entering the perianal tissue, and anal gland obstruction is an important mechanism of induction. Genetic factors have little effect on abscesses, but perianal skin damage or fissures may become a route of bacterial invasion, especially when sanitary conditions are poor. The risk is higher. Some patients with pathological factors such as chronic intestinal inflammation such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are prone to perianal abscesses, which may be related to long-term poor resistance of the anal canal. Patients with diabetes, immunodeficiency or undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy also have an increased risk of infection. High-risk groups should pay special attention to hygiene habits in their lives, such as changing underwear frequently and keeping the perianal area dry and clean.

Treatments for perianal abscesses include medication, surgery, and daily care. Mild patients can take oral antibiotics (such as amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium) or apply anti-infective ointments (such as erythromycin ointment) topically for anti-inflammatory treatment to control initial symptoms. If the abscess grows and the pain is obvious, surgical drainage is required. Recommendations include aspiration drainage, perianal abscess excision or more complex secondary surgery for healing. The treatment method is selected according to the condition. Postoperative care is equally important. Daily warm water sitz baths can be used to reduce recurrences. It is recommended to use 1% povidone-iodine solution mixed in the sitz bath water for better sterilization and disinfection effects. The diet should be light and high in fiber, increase the intake of fruits and vegetables such as spinach and apples, and reduce the impact of constipation on wound recovery.

It is very important to seek medical attention in time when symptoms are discovered in the early stage to avoid small infections from worsening into complex anal fistulas. During the treatment process, maintain clean and hygienic living habits, have regular professional doctor reviews, and communicate effectively with the doctor about the progress of the disease. There is no need to be overly anxious psychologically. Perianal abscesses are curable. The key is to adhere to scientific treatment paths and health management. Facing the disease with a positive attitude and strengthening nutrition and exercise in daily life can effectively improve long-term health and recover faster.