Diagnosis and clinical manifestations of gallstones

Gallstones are a common digestive disorder that typically causes symptoms such as severe pain in the right upper abdomen, nausea, and vomiting. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are key to avoiding complications. Symptoms of gallstones manifest as severe pain in the right upper abdomen, often occurring hours after a full meal, and the pain may spread to the back or right shoulder. This pain is often accompanied by nausea and vomiting, and sometimes jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes. When gallstones block the bile ducts, it can lead to infection or cholecystitis, with symptoms including fever and chills. Imaging tests, such as abdominal ultrasound or CT scans, are the main tools for diagnosing gallstones and can help confirm the presence of stones and their specific location.

After gallstones are found, treatment usually depends on the severity of your symptoms and the risk of complications. Watchful waiting is a common option for gallstones that don't cause symptoms, as these stones may not cause problems for a long time. For people with symptoms, your doctor may recommend surgery, such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which is a minimally invasive procedure that usually allows for a short recovery. There are also litholytic therapies, which take oral medications to help dissolve cholesterol-type stones. For people who aren't good candidates for surgery, nonsurgical treatments such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy may help relieve symptoms.

After gallstones are found, treatment usually depends on the severity of your symptoms and the risk of complications. Watchful waiting is a common option for gallstones that don't cause symptoms, as these stones may not cause problems for a long time. For people with symptoms, your doctor may recommend surgery, such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which is a minimally invasive procedure that usually allows for a short recovery. There are also litholytic therapies, which take oral medications to help dissolve cholesterol-type stones. For people who aren't good candidates for surgery, nonsurgical treatments such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy may help relieve symptoms.

Focusing on lifestyle and dietary changes is important to prevent gallstone attacks and recurrences. It is recommended to increase fiber intake, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, to help maintain good digestive health. At the same time, avoid high-fat, high-cholesterol diets, as this may promote the formation of cholesterol stones. Maintaining a healthy weight and regular exercise can also help reduce the risk of gallstones. In the case of suspected gallstones, you should see a doctor promptly to obtain a professional diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is not only an important measure to prevent disease, but also can improve the overall quality of life. Through active health management, we can effectively reduce the trouble caused by gallstones and enjoy a healthier life.