Treatment of gallstones and cholecystitis

Treatments for gallstone cholecystitis include medication, surgery and diet adjustment. The cause is mainly related to changes in bile composition, gallbladder dysfunction and infection. Antibiotics, antispasmodics and choleretics are commonly used for medication. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, open cholecystectomy or percutaneous cholecystostomy can be selected for surgical treatment. A low-fat, high-fiber diet and plenty of water are required.

1. Drug treatment is a common method for gallstone cholecystitis. Antibiotics such as cephalosporins and penicillins can control infection, antispasmodics such as atropine and anisodamine can relieve biliary colic, and choleretics such as ursodeoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid can promote bile excretion and reduce the burden on the gallbladder. Drug treatment is suitable for patients with mild symptoms or who are temporarily unable to undergo surgery, but it must be used under the guidance of a doctor to avoid drug side effects.

2. Surgery is an effective means of curing gallstone cholecystitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is less invasive and has a quick recovery, and is currently the preferred method; open cholecystectomy is suitable for complex cases or those who have failed laparoscopic surgery; percutaneous cholecystostomy is used for acute cholecystitis when immediate surgery is not possible, and can temporarily drain bile and relieve symptoms. The patient's general condition needs to be assessed before surgery, and attention should be paid to wound care and dietary adjustments after surgery.

3. Diet adjustment is crucial for the prevention and auxiliary treatment of gallstones and cholecystitis. A low-fat diet can reduce bile secretion and reduce the burden on the gallbladder. Avoid eating high-fat foods such as fried foods and fatty meats. A high-fiber diet such as whole grains, vegetables, and fruits can promote intestinal peristalsis and reduce cholesterol absorption. Drinking more water can help dilute bile and prevent stone formation. At the same time, avoiding overeating and eating regularly can help maintain normal gallbladder function.

The treatment of gallstone cholecystitis should be based on the patient's specific situation. The combination of drug therapy, surgical treatment and dietary adjustment can effectively relieve symptoms and prevent recurrence. Patients should have regular checkups, follow the doctor's advice, and maintain good living habits to promote recovery.