Three specific drugs for treating gallstones

Currently, the three commonly used specific drugs for the treatment of gallstones include ursodeoxycholic acid, aluminum phosphate gel and antispasmodics (such as scopolamine butylbromide), which work differently for different types of gallstone patients. The specific medication needs to be used under the guidance of a doctor according to the nature and size of the stones and the patient's condition.

Ursodeoxycholic acid is a drug that can dissolve cholesterol gallstones. It is suitable for patients with small stone diameters (usually less than 15 mm), no calcification, and normal gallbladder function. It works by reducing the saturation of cholesterol in bile and promoting the gradual dissolution of stones, but it needs to be taken for a long time (usually 6-24 months) to be effective. Aluminum phosphate gel is mainly used to relieve symptoms of acid reflux and indigestion caused by gallstones, and can assist in improving discomfort in the short term. Antispasmodics (such as scopolamine butylbromide) can effectively relieve biliary spasms and reduce pain during acute biliary colic attacks, especially in cases of bile duct obstruction or inflammation.

Ursodeoxycholic acid is a drug that can dissolve cholesterol gallstones. It is suitable for patients with small stone diameters (usually less than 15 mm), no calcification, and normal gallbladder function. It works by reducing the saturation of cholesterol in bile and promoting the gradual dissolution of stones, but it needs to be taken for a long time (usually 6-24 months) to be effective. Aluminum phosphate gel is mainly used to relieve symptoms of acid reflux and indigestion caused by gallstones, and can assist in improving discomfort in the short term. Antispasmodics (such as scopolamine butylbromide) can effectively relieve biliary spasms and reduce pain during acute biliary colic attacks, especially in cases of bile duct obstruction or inflammation.

When using medication to treat gallstones, it is important to follow the doctor's advice and conduct regular follow-up visits. Adjusting the dietary structure is also an important means of auxiliary management, such as reducing the intake of high-fat, high-cholesterol foods and supplementing high-fiber meals such as oats, whole grains, and fresh vegetables. For people with a high body mass index, it is recommended to lose weight gradually and avoid rapid weight loss to reduce the risk of gallstone formation. If the patient's medication is not effective or the stone condition is serious, he or she should consult a doctor as soon as possible to assess whether surgery is needed, such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy.