What are the causes of high incidence of gallstones in women?

The main reason for the high incidence of gallstones in women is closely related to hormone levels, eating habits, lifestyle and other factors. Understanding the specific causes can help prevent the occurrence of gallstones and reduce related health risks.

Genetic factors play an important role in the formation of gallstones in women. If there is a history of gallstones in the family, especially maternal relatives, the risk of the disease is higher. This is related to the influence of genetic genes on bile composition and cholesterol metabolism. Environmental factors should not be ignored either. High-calorie, high-fat eating habits will cause increased cholesterol levels in the blood, increase the probability that bile will have difficulty dissolving cholesterol, and thus promote the formation of stones. Furthermore, women's physiological characteristics are also an important reason for the high incidence. Pregnancy, menopause, long-term use of contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy may increase estrogen levels, leading to increased bile cholesterol concentrations, thereby forming stones. Diseases such as rapid weight loss, obesity, diabetes or metabolic syndrome can also interfere with bile secretion and metabolism, further increasing the risk of gallstones. Trauma or surgery, such as bile tract trauma or hepatobiliary surgery, may induce inflammation or bile tract dysfunction, and also indirectly increase the incidence of gallstones.

Once gallstones are diagnosed, they can be treated in a variety of ways. In terms of drug treatment, ursodeoxycholic acid is a commonly used drug that can dissolve small cholesterol stones, but the course of treatment is long, usually taking months or even years. Surgical treatment is the main solution for gallstones, especially when symptoms are severe or complications occur. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is often performed, which is less traumatic and has a quick recovery. Traditional open surgery can also be selected, but it is suitable for complex or acute conditions. Non-surgical techniques such as endoscopic retrograde pancreaticocholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are suitable for common bile duct stones, which can accurately remove stones and relieve bile duct obstruction. Adjustments in diet and lifestyle are also indispensable in treatment. It is recommended to consume more vegetables, fruits, and whole grain foods, increase the proportion of dietary fiber, and avoid high-fat, high-cholesterol foods. Regular exercise can promote metabolic balance and effectively prevent the recurrence of stones.

Female patients can significantly reduce the risk of complications by timely detection of gallstones and appropriate intervention. For those who have been diagnosed or have symptoms, it is recommended to consult a gastroenterologist or general surgeon as soon as possible to make a clear diagnosis and develop a reasonable treatment plan. At the same time, maintaining a positive and healthy attitude towards life, whether by optimizing diet or improving daily routine, can make the body stronger and less troubled.