What are the types of gallstones?

Gallstones are mainly divided into three categories: cholesterol stones, pigment stones, and mixed stones. Knowing the type of gallstones will help you choose the right treatment.

1. Cholesterol stones

Cholesterol stones are the most common type, mainly formed by cholesterol deposition. The causes of their formation include cholesterol oversaturation in bile and gallbladder motility disorders. Prevention and treatment methods include:

Dietary adjustment: Reduce the intake of high-cholesterol foods and eat more fiber-rich foods.

Drug treatment: Medications such as ursodeoxycholic acid are used to help dissolve cholesterol stones.

Surgical treatment: For patients with severe symptoms, cholecystectomy may be considered.

2. Pigment stones

Pigment stones are formed by the deposition of bilirubin calcium salts and are common in patients with chronic hemolytic anemia, liver cirrhosis, etc. The causes of their formation include biliary infection, bile stasis, etc. Treatment methods include:

Control infection: Use antibiotics to treat bile tract infections.

Improve liver function: Improve liver function through medication or dietary adjustment.

Surgical intervention: Biliary tract surgery to remove stones is done if necessary.

3. Mixed stones

Mixed stones are composed of cholesterol and bile pigments. The causes of their formation are complex and may be related to multiple factors. Treatments include:

Comprehensive treatment: Combination of diet, medication, and surgery.

Regular check-ups: Monitor stone changes through imaging tests such as ultrasound.

Lifestyle adjustments: Maintain a healthy lifestyle to avoid recurrence of stones.

There are many types and treatments for gallstones. Patients should choose the appropriate treatment plan according to their own conditions. Regular physical examinations and a healthy lifestyle are important measures to prevent gallstones. If obvious symptoms occur, you should seek medical attention in time to avoid worsening of the condition. Through scientific management and treatment, patients with gallstones can effectively control their condition and improve their quality of life.