The most common types of gallstones

The most common type of gallstones is cholesterol gallstones, and their formation is closely related to a variety of factors. Cholesterol gallstones are formed by the oversaturation of cholesterol in bile and are common in people with Western dietary habits. This type of gallstone is mostly caused by a combination of genetic, environmental and personal factors. In addition to cholesterol gallstones, there are also melanin gallstones and pheoma gallstones. The former is related to chronic hemolytic diseases, and the latter is common in cases of infection or bile duct obstruction.

Understanding the causes of gallstone formation is very important for prevention and treatment. Genetic factors are an important component that cannot be ignored. People with a family history of gallstones are more likely to develop the disease. In addition, dietary structure is also a key factor. Excessive intake of animal fat and sugar will increase the risk of gallstones. Obesity, certain chronic diseases such as diabetes, cirrhosis, etc., and rapid weight loss such as drastic dieting or rapid weight loss surgery are also important causes of gallstone formation. Long-term use of certain estrogen-containing medications, especially birth control pills, or during pregnancy, due to increased estrogen levels, will lead to an increase in the concentration of cholesterol in the bile, thereby increasing the risk of gallstone formation.

Prevention and treatment of gallstones require comprehensive consideration of multiple measures. For cholesterol stones, the risk of disease can be reduced by adjusting eating habits. For example, eat more fiber-rich foods, such as vegetables and whole grains, while controlling the intake of high-fat foods and sugars. Certain drugs, such as ursodeoxycholic acid, can help dissolve cholesterol stones, but they usually need to be taken for a long time. Surgical treatment is the most effective method for patients with severe or recurrent symptoms. The most common is laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a minimally invasive surgery with low risk and fast recovery. In addition, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is suitable for gallstones in some special cases, but the effect varies from person to person. In the prevention and control of the disease, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and regular physical examinations are effective measures. Pay attention to mental health and avoid excessive stress, because stress may affect the balance of bile secretion. If severe symptoms such as abdominal pain and jaundice occur, you should seek medical attention in time to avoid worsening of the condition.

This common digestive system problem in people's lives requires not only scientific and reasonable diagnosis and treatment, but also attention to the patient's psychological counseling and emotional support. Family care and reasonable lifestyle adjustments can effectively help patients recover and prevent recurrence, providing patients with comprehensive and lasting health protection.