What are the main precipitating factors of perianal abscess?

Perianal abscess is a common anorectal disease. Its main predisposing factors include infection, anal gland obstruction, low immunity and certain chronic diseases. Understanding these causes can help prevent and reduce the risk of disease. At the same time, through diet conditioning, maintaining hygiene and timely medical treatment, the impact of the disease can be effectively reduced and further complications can be avoided.

1) Infectious factors

The direct cause of perianal abscess is bacterial infection of the tissues around the anus, which is usually related to anal gland blockage. Anal glands are structures that secrete and lubricate the anus. If the gland opening is blocked by feces or foreign matter, bacteria can easily breed, leading to local suppuration and the formation of abscesses. Common pathogens include Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Ways to prevent infection include good bowel habits, keeping the anus clean, and avoiding the use of unsterilized public toilets.

2) Weak immunity

People with low immunity are more vulnerable to bacteria and have an increased risk of perianal abscesses. Diabetics, people receiving immunosuppressive therapy, postmenopausal women, and malnourished people are high-risk groups. These people need to pay special attention to the prevention of daily infections, such as vaccination, prevention of skin damage, and reasonable supplementation of protein and vitamins to enhance body resistance.

3) Impact of chronic diseases

Certain chronic diseases increase the risk of perianal abscesses, including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and rectal cancer. These diseases may cause inflammation and fibrosis around the rectum, which can lead to abscesses. If you have been diagnosed with any of these diseases, it is recommended that you have regular specialist checkups to monitor the condition of your anus and surrounding tissues.

4) Lifestyle habits and external factors

Sitting for long periods of time, staying up late, and an unreasonable diet are also important factors that induce perianal abscesses. Sitting for long periods of time will compress the blood circulation around the anus, causing local bruises and infection risks. Irritating foods such as peppers and alcohol will increase discomfort around the anus, thereby aggravating inflammation. It is recommended that office workers increase the frequency of activities appropriately, stand up and move for 5-10 minutes every hour of sitting, and pay attention to a light diet and eat more foods rich in dietary fiber, such as vegetables, fruits and whole grains.

5) Trauma and surgery

Perianal abscesses can also be caused by trauma around the anus or rectal surgery. Trauma can cause skin breaks, which can provide an entry point for bacteria to enter. If you need anal surgery, you should choose an experienced doctor to perform the surgery and pay attention to postoperative care to prevent wound infection.

In terms of treatment, the treatment of perianal abscess varies depending on the severity of the condition:

-Drug treatment: Suitable for patients with less severe cases, mainly includes antibiotics (such as cephalosporins) to control infection, and local anti-inflammatory ointments to promote healing.

-Surgical drainage: When pus accumulates, surgical incision and drainage can be used to relieve pressure and pain. Minimally invasive surgeries such as collagen injection technology and drainage tube implantation technology cause less damage and quick recovery.

- Auxiliary treatment: Hot compress on the anus can promote blood circulation, relieve inflammation, and help absorb abscesses. But be careful to avoid high temperature burns.

In terms of prevention, daily care is crucial:

1. Choose more foods that promote digestion, such as oats, sweet potatoes, etc., and avoid eating too much greasy and spicy foods.

2. Clean the anal area with warm salt water every day to maintain local hygiene and reduce bacterial growth.

3. Emphasize regular examination of anal health, especially for high-risk groups, who should maintain close contact with doctors.

Taking care of your body is the key to staying away from diseases. If you have perianal pain, obvious redness and swelling, or persistent high fever, you should see a doctor as soon as possible without delay. Although perianal abscess is a minor disease, improper treatment may develop into a complex anal fistula, increasing the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment. Before the disease comes, we can reduce the chance of disease and better protect the health of ourselves and our families by developing healthy living habits and regular physical examinations.