How big is a breast cyst and does it need surgery?

Generally, surgery is not recommended for breast cysts. Only when the cyst is larger, such as more than 3-5 cm in diameter, causes obvious discomfort, or is suspected to be malignant, surgical treatment is considered. Common treatment methods also include regular follow-up or other non-surgical treatments, such as puncture and fluid extraction.

1 Common causes of breast cysts

Breast cysts are benign lesions, and their main cause may be related to the fluctuation of estrogen levels in women. When hormone levels change during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy or menopause, it is more likely to cause fluid accumulation in the breast alveoli and form cysts. Genetic factors may also increase the risk of certain people. Bad lifestyle habits such as high stress and long-term unhealthy diet may have a negative impact on breast health.

2 Key criteria for surgical treatment

Large cysts: Breast cysts with a diameter of more than 3-5 cm may compress surrounding tissues, causing obvious pain or a noticeable lump to be felt.

The cyst exhibits complex properties: When imaging tests such as ultrasound reveal that the cyst wall is not smooth, there are internal partitions, or there may be abnormal blood flow signals, the doctor may recommend further biopsy or surgery to rule out malignant disease.

Frequent recurrences or signs of malignancy: If the cyst recurs repeatedly after puncture and fluid extraction, or the cyst fluid is abnormal in color, such as light red, brown or bloody fluid, you need to be particularly vigilant.

3. Measures for different situations

Drug treatment: Some small cysts can be improved by adjusting endocrine function, such as using hormone regulating drugs under the guidance of a doctor.

Puncture and fluid extraction: For simple cysts, puncture and fluid extraction is a safe and effective method, but it is necessary to closely observe whether the cyst recurs.

Surgical removal: If the cyst is suspected to be malignant or continues to grow and causes obvious pain and deformation, surgical removal becomes a necessary option. Specific forms of breast surgery include minimally invasive surgery or traditional mastectomy, both of which are highly safe.

4Daily prevention and care

Maintain a healthy diet and lifestyle, such as reducing the intake of high-fat and high-sugar foods, and eating more foods rich in vitamins and phytoestrogens, such as beans, fruits and vegetables. Check your breasts regularly, especially for women over 40 years old. It is recommended to have breast ultrasound or mammography every year. Moderate exercise can promote hormone balance and help protect breast health.

Breast cysts are mostly benign problems, but if the cyst is large or has the potential to be malignant, it is important to seek medical attention and take action in a timely manner. Regular checkups and a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk of breast disease and bring you more peace of mind.