The main symptoms of bone tuberculosis

The main symptoms of bone tuberculosis include local pain, swelling, functional impairment, and systemic symptoms such as fever and fatigue. Bone tuberculosis is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infecting the skeletal system, and early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.

1. Local pain: The most common symptom of bone tuberculosis is local persistent pain, which is especially aggravated at night or during activities. The pain site is usually consistent with the infection site, such as the spine, hip joint, knee joint, etc. The pain may be accompanied by tenderness, affecting daily activities.

2. Swelling: Swelling, redness or heat may occur at the site of infection. Swelling is caused by inflammatory response and local tissue damage, and may be accompanied by joint effusion or soft tissue swelling.

3. Functional impairment: Bone tuberculosis may lead to limited joint movement or loss of function. Spinal tuberculosis may cause spinal deformity, and in severe cases, compress nerve roots, leading to limb numbness or paralysis. Joint tuberculosis may cause joint stiffness or deformity, affecting walking or daily activities.

4. Systemic symptoms: Patients with bone tuberculosis may experience systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, fatigue, and loss of appetite. These symptoms are systemic inflammatory responses caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, usually accompanied by weight loss and anemia.

Treatment methods include drug therapy, surgical treatment and adjuvant therapy. Drug therapy is the main treatment for bone tuberculosis. Commonly used drugs include isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. These drugs need to be taken for a long time, usually for 6-12 months, to completely kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Surgical treatment is suitable for patients who are ineffective with drug treatment or have severe conditions. Surgical methods include lesion removal, bone graft fusion and joint replacement. Auxiliary treatment includes nutritional support, physical therapy and psychological support to help patients recover their health.

Bone tuberculosis is a serious infection of the skeletal system. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prognosis. Patients should seek medical attention as soon as possible and receive standardized treatment to avoid worsening of the disease. Through comprehensive treatment, most patients can recover and return to normal life.