Why does granulation tissue grow after anal fistula surgery?

Granulation after anal fistula surgery is mainly caused by abnormal tissue repair or infection during wound healing. Granulation is a normal tissue response during wound healing, but excessive proliferation may be related to infection, local irritation or improper postoperative care. Treatment methods include local cleaning, drug therapy and surgical treatment when necessary.

1. Postoperative infection is a common cause of granulation hyperplasia. Wound infection can lead to an increased inflammatory response and stimulate excessive growth of granulation tissue. The key to preventing infection is to keep the wound clean and dry after surgery to avoid contamination. It is recommended to use normal saline or mild disinfectant to clean the wound and change the dressing regularly. If there are signs of infection such as redness, swelling, pain or increased secretions, you should seek medical attention in time. The doctor may prescribe antibiotics such as cephalosporins or penicillins to control the infection.

2. Local stimulation may also lead to granulation tissue hyperplasia. Friction, compression or foreign matter residue around the wound after surgery will stimulate the tissue repair process and promote excessive growth of granulation tissue. Avoid wearing tight clothing and choose soft and breathable underwear to reduce friction on the wound. Avoid sitting for a long time or strenuous exercise after surgery to avoid increasing local pressure. If foreign matter is found, seek medical treatment in time. The doctor may use tweezers or surgery to remove the foreign matter.

3. Improper postoperative care is another important cause of granulation tissue hyperplasia. Improper dressing methods or excessive use of irritating drugs may interfere with the normal healing process. After surgery, you should follow the doctor's instructions for wound care and avoid using ointments or solutions that are not recommended by the doctor. You can try using drugs that promote healing, such as recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel, or ointments containing antibacterial ingredients, such as mupirocin ointment. If granulation tissue has already proliferated significantly, the doctor may use silver nitrate cauterization, cryotherapy, or surgical resection.

Although it is common for granulation tissue to grow after anal fistula surgery, it can be effectively controlled through proper care and timely treatment. The wound should be closely observed after surgery, kept clean and dry, and infection and local irritation should be avoided. If granulation tissue proliferation is obvious or accompanied by infection symptoms, seek medical attention and receive professional treatment in time. Following the doctor's advice and using medication and nursing methods reasonably can help promote normal wound healing and reduce the occurrence of complications.