What are the symptoms of obstructive gallstones or urinary stones?

Obstructive gallstones or urinary stones mean that the stones block the bile duct or urinary system, resulting in the inability to discharge bile or urine normally, causing pain, infection or other complications. Treatments include medical stone removal, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and surgical stone removal.

Symptoms of gallstone or urinary tract obstruction usually include severe pain, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, or urinary tract infection. Gallstone obstruction may cause pain in the right upper abdomen that radiates to the back or shoulder, accompanied by fever and jaundice. Urinary tract stone obstruction may cause severe pain in the waist or lower abdomen, accompanied by hematuria, frequent urination, urgency, or difficulty urinating.

1. Causes and treatment of gallstone obstruction. Gallstone obstruction is often caused by stones stuck in the common bile duct or the neck of the gallbladder, blocking the flow of bile. Genetic factors, high-cholesterol diet, obesity and rapid weight loss may increase the risk of stones. Treatments include: oral ursodeoxycholic acid to dissolve cholesterol stones, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy to break up stones, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy to remove the gallbladder.

2. Causes and treatment of urinary stone obstruction. Urinary stone obstruction is usually caused by stones stuck in the ureter or urethra, which hinders the discharge of urine. Insufficient water intake, high-salt and high-protein diet, metabolic abnormalities and urinary tract infection are common causes. Treatment methods include: oral α-receptor blockers to relax the ureter, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy to crush the stones, and ureteroscopy to directly remove the stones.

3. Adjustment of diet and lifestyle. To prevent the recurrence of stones, you need to pay attention to diet and lifestyle. Drink more water to dilute urine and reduce stone formation. Limit high-salt, high-protein and high-oxalate foods, such as spinach, chocolate and nuts. Increase fiber-rich foods, such as whole grains and vegetables. Moderate exercise promotes metabolism and avoid sitting for long periods of time.

If you have symptoms of obstructive gallstones or urinary stones, you need to see a doctor promptly to avoid complications. Medication, surgery, and lifestyle changes can effectively relieve symptoms and prevent recurrence. Regular physical examinations and a healthy diet are key to long-term management.