Rheumatoid arthritis swelling and difficulty bending and stretching

Rheumatoid arthritis swelling and difficulty in flexion and extension are due to joint inflammation leading to synovial thickening, joint effusion and surrounding soft tissue edema, which in turn affects joint movement. Treatment includes medication, physical therapy and lifestyle adjustments.

1. Drug treatment

Drug treatment is an important means of relieving the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and diclofenac can relieve pain and inflammation. Anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) such as methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine can delay disease progression. Biological agents such as tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNF inhibitors) can be used for moderate to severe patients to improve joint function.

2. Physical therapy

Physical therapy can help restore joint mobility and reduce swelling. Heat can promote blood circulation and relieve stiffness, while cold can reduce swelling and pain in the acute phase. Joint function exercises such as stretching exercises and low-intensity aerobic exercises such as swimming and cycling can enhance muscle strength and improve joint flexibility.

3. Lifestyle Adjustment

In terms of diet, increasing the intake of foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as deep-sea fish and flaxseed, can help fight inflammation; reducing the intake of high-sugar and high-fat foods can reduce inflammatory responses. Weight management is also important. Being overweight will increase the burden on joints and aggravate symptoms. Avoiding staying in the same posture for a long time and combining proper rest with activities can help reduce joint pressure.

The treatment of swelling and difficulty in flexion and extension caused by rheumatoid arthritis requires a combination of medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle adjustments. Early intervention and continuous management are key, and patients should see a doctor regularly and adjust their treatment plan according to their condition to delay disease progression and improve quality of life.