What causes neonatal hemangioma?

The causes of neonatal hemangiomas are mainly related to genetics, environmental factors and abnormal development of the baby. Hemangiomas are a type of vascular proliferative lesion that mostly appear within a few weeks after birth. The specific causes are not yet fully understood, but scientific research has proposed a variety of possible mechanisms.

From a genetic perspective, children with a family history of hemangioma may have a higher risk of the disease, which suggests that genetic factors may be involved; however, not all children have a clear family history. Environmental factors may also be one of the predisposing factors. For example, adverse environmental influences during pregnancy, including maternal infection, hormone level fluctuations, poor eating habits, or exposure to certain chemicals, may interfere with the normal development of fetal blood vessels. Abnormal spontaneous development is another important reason. During the embryonic development period of newborns, abnormal angiogenesis and regulation may lead to excessive proliferation and aggregation of vascular endothelial cells, thereby forming hemangiomas. The higher incidence of premature infants also indicates that the immature vascular system may be susceptible.

From a genetic perspective, children with a family history of hemangioma may have a higher risk of the disease, which suggests that genetic factors may be involved; however, not all children have a clear family history. Environmental factors may also be one of the predisposing factors. For example, adverse environmental influences during pregnancy, including maternal infection, hormone level fluctuations, poor eating habits, or exposure to certain chemicals, may interfere with the normal development of fetal blood vessels. Abnormal spontaneous development is another important reason. During the embryonic development period of newborns, abnormal angiogenesis and regulation may lead to excessive proliferation and aggregation of vascular endothelial cells, thereby forming hemangiomas. The higher incidence of premature infants also indicates that the immature vascular system may be susceptible.

In order to prevent or treat neonatal hemangiomas, it is recommended to have regular prenatal checkups, reduce exposure to adverse environments, and eat a balanced diet to meet the needs of fetal development. For confirmed hemangiomas, most will gradually disappear as the baby grows, but regular medical observation is required. For hemangiomas that affect function or appearance, medications such as propranolol and local injection of sclerosing agents can be used for treatment. In severe cases, laser treatment or surgical removal can be selected. The specific plan needs to be decided by the doctor. If abnormalities are found, please consult a pediatrician or dermatologist as soon as possible to ensure the healthy growth of your baby.