What are the symptoms of rectal hemorrhoids?

Treatment for rectal hemorrhoids includes medication, surgery, and lifestyle adjustments. Common symptoms include anal pain, bleeding, and itching. Rectal hemorrhoids are caused by varicose veins or increased pressure around the anus. They are divided into internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, and mixed hemorrhoids. Internal hemorrhoids are usually painless but may bleed, while external hemorrhoids are accompanied by pain and swelling. Mixed hemorrhoids have the characteristics of both.

1. Anal pain is a typical symptom of rectal hemorrhoids, especially aggravated during defecation. The pain may be caused by thrombosis of external hemorrhoids or prolapse of internal hemorrhoids. Methods to relieve pain include warm water sitz baths, topical application of analgesic ointments such as lidocaine, and oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen.

2. Anal bleeding is a common manifestation of internal hemorrhoids. It is usually bright red blood that adheres to the surface of the stool or drips after defecation. When the amount of bleeding is small, you can adjust your diet to increase fiber intake, such as eating more vegetables, fruits and whole grains, to reduce constipation. If the amount of bleeding is large or persistent, you need to seek medical attention in time, and if necessary, you can receive a sclerosant injection or rubber band ligation treatment.

3. Anal itching is mostly caused by hemorrhoid secretions irritating the skin, and may also be related to poor local hygiene. Keep the anus clean and dry, use non-irritating wipes to clean, and avoid using toilet paper containing alcohol or fragrances. Applying anti-itching ointment such as hydrocortisone locally can relieve symptoms.

4. Hemorrhoid prolapse is a manifestation of the late stage of internal hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids prolapse from the anus during defecation, and in severe cases, manual repositioning is required. When prolapse occurs frequently or cannot be repositioned, surgical treatment should be considered, such as hemorrhoidectomy or stapled hemorrhoidal mucosal circumcision.

The prevention and treatment of rectal hemorrhoids requires a combination of medication, surgery, and lifestyle adjustments. Timely medical attention can prevent the condition from getting worse. Maintaining good bowel habits, avoiding long periods of sitting or standing, and doing appropriate exercises such as pelvic floor exercises can help alleviate symptoms and prevent recurrence.