How is intracranial aneurysm diagnosed and what are the symptoms

How is an intracranial aneurysm diagnosed? What are the symptoms?

Intracranial aneurysm can be diagnosed based on etiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging examinations.

1. Acute onset, with typical symptoms and signs of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

2. There may be local symptoms such as oculomotor nerve paralysis.

3. Head CT can show hematoma and subarachnoid hemorrhage, and CT and magnetic resonance angiography can show aneurysm.

4. Cerebral angiography can confirm the location and morphology of aneurysms.

Intracranial aneurysm refers to a tumor-like protrusion of the arterial wall caused by the localized abnormal expansion of the lumen of a cerebral artery. Intracranial aneurysm is mostly caused by cystic bulging on the basis of local congenital defects of the cerebral artery wall and increased intracavitary pressure. It is the leading cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

What are the symptoms?

1. Symptoms of embolism: Once the blood clot of abdominal aortic aneurysm breaks off, it becomes an embolus, which embolizes the organs or limbs supplied by its blood and causes corresponding acute ischemic symptoms. For example, if the embolism site is the mesenteric blood vessels, it manifests as intestinal ischemia, and in severe cases it can cause intestinal necrosis. The patient has severe abdominal pain and bloody stools, followed by hypotension and shock, as well as symptoms of peritoneal irritation in the whole abdomen. If it embolizes to the renal artery, it can cause infarction of the corresponding part of the kidney. The patient will show severe low back pain and hematuria. When it embolizes to the main arteries of the lower limbs, pain in the corresponding limbs, weakened or even disappeared pulse, limb paralysis, pale complexion, and abnormal sensation will occur.

2. Rupture: Patients with acute rupture will experience sudden severe pain in the lower back and back, accompanied by shock, and may even die before admission. If the tumor ruptures into the retroperitoneum, bleeding will be localized to form a hematoma, and abdominal pain and hemorrhagic shock may last for several hours or days, but the hematoma often ruptures again into the peritoneal cavity and may cause death. The tumor can also rupture into the inferior vena cava, causing aortovenous fistula and heart failure. The tumor can occasionally rupture into the duodenum and cause massive gastrointestinal bleeding.