What causes anal fistula in men?

Anal fistula in men is usually caused by anal gland infection, common causes include perianal abscess, inflammatory bowel disease or trauma. Treatment includes medication, surgery and daily care.

1. Anal gland infection is the main cause of anal fistula. Anal glands are located in the inner wall of the anus and are responsible for secreting lubricating fluid. When the glands are blocked or infected, abscesses may form, which may then develop into anal fistulas. Infections may be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi, and are common in people with low immunity.

2. Inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis may also cause anal fistulas. These diseases can cause chronic inflammation of the intestines, affect the tissues around the anus, and increase the risk of anal fistulas. Patients often experience symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain, and need to seek medical attention in a timely manner.

3. Trauma or surgery may also cause anal fistula. Trauma or surgery in the anal area may cause tissue damage and increase the risk of infection. For example, damage during anal surgery or childbirth may be a cause of anal fistula.

Treatment methods include medication, surgery and daily care. Antibiotics such as metronidazole and cephalosporins are commonly used in medication to control infection; anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen can relieve pain and inflammation. Surgical treatments include fistulotomy, fistulectomy and hanging thread therapy. The specific choice depends on the condition and daily care. It is recommended to keep the anus clean, use warm water sitz baths, avoid spicy foods, and eat more fiber-rich foods such as oats and vegetables to promote intestinal health.

The treatment of male anal fistula should be combined with the cause and condition, and timely medical treatment is the key. Through the comprehensive intervention of medication, surgery and daily care, most patients can effectively relieve symptoms and recover health.