What should I do if the perianal abscess swells and pus forms again after drainage?

If swelling and pus appear again after drainage of perianal abscess, you should see a doctor as soon as possible to avoid further deterioration of the condition.

Perianal abscess is a common anorectal disease, usually caused by infection, and manifested as redness, swelling, pain, and even suppuration of the perianal skin. Drainage can drain the pus and relieve symptoms. However, if it is not handled properly or there are potential problems such as anal fistula, it may lead to repeated abscesses. In this case, the lesion has not been completely cleared, and there may still be inflammation or infection sources, which requires attention.

The reasons for the recurrence of abscesses may be related to the following aspects: incomplete drainage, premature cessation of treatment, low immunity, dietary stimulation or combined anal fistula, etc. If the abscess is not thoroughly drained, the residual pus may form a new infection center, causing repeated swelling. Some patients already have anal fistulas, that is, an abnormal channel is formed between the abscess and the anal canal. If the anal fistula is not identified after drainage, the symptoms are prone to recurrence. In addition, spicy and greasy diets or poor blood circulation caused by long-term sitting will increase the risk of recurrence.

In order to avoid further development of perianal abscess, it is recommended to clean the perianal skin and use warm water bath to promote blood circulation and dissipate inflammation. Eat less spicy food and more foods rich in dietary fiber such as vegetables and fruits to maintain smooth bowel movements and reduce irritation to the anal area. If symptoms recur, avoid self-treatment. For example, do not squeeze or try to drain the pus again to avoid aggravating the infection.

If the perianal abscess continues to bulge or pus frequently after drainage, further examination may be needed to determine whether there is an anal fistula. Please go to a professional medical institution in time for a doctor to evaluate and conduct targeted treatment, including surgical intervention if necessary. If the perianal abscess is not treated for a long time, repeated infection may bring greater health risks, so timely treatment is particularly important.