Causes of perianal abscess

Perianal abscess is a common disease that may lead to serious complications. Its pathogenic factors include genetics, environment, physiology, trauma, infection and other causes. It is necessary to comprehensively understand these factors and take effective prevention and treatment measures. It is recommended to seek medical attention as soon as possible once symptoms are found to avoid delaying diagnosis and treatment.

1. Genetic factors

Studies have shown that some people may be born with a higher risk of infection, such as due to a weak immune system or hereditary digestive tract diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. In this case, patients are more likely to develop abscesses near the anus. For abscesses caused by genetic factors, patients are advised to have regular physical examinations and strengthen daily care, especially paying attention to intestinal health, such as taking adequate dietary fiber and probiotics, which can help improve the digestive environment.

2. External environmental factors

Environmental hygiene issues such as unclean bathing water, bad toilet paper usage habits, long-term sitting posture, and bad living habits can increase the risk of local skin and anal mucosal infection. A hot and humid climate may also provide convenient conditions for bacterial growth. For these factors, the key to prevention is to keep the anal area clean and dry, wear breathable underwear, and develop a habit of regular bowel movements to avoid long-term constipation or diarrhea.

3. Physiological factors

Insufficient autoimmunity and abnormal blood sugar (such as diabetic patients) are high-risk factors for perianal abscesses. When immunity is reduced, bacteria, viruses or fungi are more likely to invade the anal glands and surrounding tissues to form infections. If there are such health problems, the original disease should be actively controlled. For example, diabetic patients need to control their postprandial blood sugar within the target range (specific indicators need to be followed by doctors), and improve their own immunity, such as through proper exercise (such as brisk walking for 30 to 60 minutes a day), and dietary supplements rich in vitamin C and protein.

4. Traumatic factors

Trauma is also an important cause of perianal abscesses, such as anal trauma caused by internal hemorrhoids or anal fissures, or infection caused by unclean operation of medical instruments. When the barrier of the anal skin is damaged, bacteria can easily enter and form an abscess. This type of cause can be avoided by timely treatment of anorectal diseases. For example, patients with internal hemorrhoids should take intravenous softening drugs such as horse chestnut seed extract, external hemorrhoid cream or hemorrhoid suppositories, and undergo surgical resection if necessary.

5. Pathological infection factors

Perianal abscesses are mostly caused by bacterial infection, especially Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, anaerobic bacteria, or inflammation caused by fluid accumulation due to anal gland obstruction. If left untreated for a long time, it may develop into anal fistula and other serious complications. Different treatment options can be adopted according to the severity of infection:

- Mild infection: Antibiotics are used to control inflammation, such as oral penicillins.

-Typical abscess: local incision and drainage of pus, combined with topical application of anti-inflammatory ointment (such as mupirocin ointment).

- For patients with recurrent or severe cases: surgical treatment is recommended to remove or debride the abscess cavity and block the spread of infection from the source.

Humanistic care and prevention suggestions

Although the external manifestations of perianal abscess are serious, it can be completely cured or even prevented through comprehensive intervention. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle: paying attention to personal hygiene, eating regularly, drinking plenty of water, keeping bowel movements smooth, and exercising for 30 minutes a day to enhance resistance are the keys to staying away from diseases. In daily life, once you find symptoms such as redness, swelling, stinging, and anal swelling in the perianal area, do not ignore the early signals and go to the hospital for professional examination and treatment in time to avoid the physical, psychological and economic burdens caused by delayed treatment. Restoring health takes time and effort, but by paying attention to the details of life, you can also fully master the health code of your body.