How to perform minimally invasive surgery for ureteral stones

How to perform minimally invasive surgery for ureteral stones?

1. The gravel technique commonly used for ureteral stones is hard ureteroscope or flexible ureteroscope. Hard ureteroscope is usually used to deal with lower and middle stones. Continuous epidural anesthesia is usually used, and the patient adopts the lithotomy position. The safety guide wire is first placed under the hard ureteroscope, and gradually rises under the guidance of the safety guide wire. The stone is crushed at the stone position. Flexible ureteroscope usually uses general anesthesia and is suitable for upper ureteral stones or kidney stones.

2. Ureteral stones cannot be treated with a hard ureteroscope. Ureteral stones in the middle and lower sections can be removed with a hard ureteroscope, which is a process where a thin hard ureteroscope is inserted into the ureter through the urethra and bladder, the stone is broken up with a laser, and then removed with a lithotomy forceps.

3. Ureteral stones in the middle and lower segments can be removed by ureteroscopy, which is a process where a very thin hard endoscope is inserted into the ureter through the urethra and bladder, the stone is broken up with a laser, and then the stone is removed with a lithotripsy. Currently, there are two main minimally invasive surgeries for ureteral stones, one is ureteroscopy and the other is laparoscopy.

What is the reason why ureteral stones are becoming more and more painful?

Pain may still occur after ureteral stone crushing. The reasons include: extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy can only break up the stones as much as possible, but for some stones with higher density, the stones may not be broken up after one extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and may remain in the original obstruction site, that is, this lithotripsy is ineffective, so the patient may still experience severe pain.

Ureteral stones are becoming more and more serious, and the ureteral smooth muscle is repeatedly peristaltic. Ureteral stones increasingly require systematic treatment in the urology department of a regular hospital.

If the stones are not discharged from the body for a long time or the stones are large, surgical treatment is usually required. At present, the surgical plan for ureteral stones mainly adopts different surgical plans according to the size of the ureteral stones and the location of the stones.