Thyroid nodule 2.5 cm

The nature of thyroid nodules 2.5 cm or larger can be determined by ultrasound examination. Benign nodules usually do not require special treatment, while malignant nodules require surgical removal. The formation of nodules may be related to abnormal iodine intake, genetic factors, autoimmune diseases, or radiation exposure.

1. The treatment of benign thyroid nodules is mainly based on observation. If the nodules have no obvious symptoms and the volume is stable, regular ultrasound examinations are sufficient. For nodules that have compression symptoms or affect the appearance, minimally invasive treatments such as radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, or percutaneous anhydrous alcohol injection can be used to reduce the volume of the nodules. In terms of diet, pay attention to balanced iodine intake, avoid excessive or insufficient intake, and eat iodine-containing foods such as kelp and seaweed in moderation.

2. Malignant thyroid nodules need to be surgically removed as soon as possible. The surgical methods include partial thyroidectomy, total thyroidectomy or neck lymph node dissection, which is determined according to the condition. Radioactive iodine therapy or thyroid hormone replacement therapy may be required after surgery to inhibit tumor recurrence. In terms of diet, patients should avoid high-iodine foods after surgery and supplement protein and vitamins appropriately to promote recovery.

3. The cause of thyroid nodules may be related to a variety of factors. Abnormal iodine intake is a common cause. Long-term iodine deficiency or excessive iodine intake can lead to abnormal thyroid function and then form nodules. Genetic factors also play a role. People with a family history of thyroid disease have a higher risk of disease. Autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' disease, may also cause thyroid nodules. People who are exposed to radiation for a long time or have received neck radiotherapy will also have an increased risk of thyroid nodules.

A thyroid nodule of 2.5 cm does not necessarily mean a malignant lesion, but it needs to be determined through professional examinations and targeted treatment based on the specific situation. Whether it is a benign or malignant nodule, early detection and intervention are key. At the same time, paying attention to the adjustment of daily diet and lifestyle habits will help maintain thyroid health.