What to do about anal fissures? ...

Treatment for anal fissures includes medication, dietary modifications, and lifestyle changes. Anal fissures are usually caused by constipation, straining during bowel movements, or increased pressure in the anal canal. Treatment of anal fissures should be tailored to the cause and symptoms by relieving pain, promoting healing, and preventing recurrence.

1. Drug treatment is an important means to relieve the symptoms of anal fissure. Topical application of nitroglycerin ointment can relax the anal sphincter, improve blood circulation, and promote the healing of the fissure. Topical lidocaine gel or cream can relieve pain and reduce discomfort during defecation. Oral laxatives such as lactulose or polyethylene glycol can help soften stools, reduce pressure during defecation, and avoid further damage to the fissure.

2. Dietary adjustment is crucial for the treatment of anal fissures. Increasing dietary fiber intake, such as whole grains, vegetables, and fruits, can soften stools and reduce friction and pressure during defecation. Drinking plenty of water and maintaining adequate water intake can help prevent constipation and promote intestinal peristalsis. Avoid spicy, greasy, and irritating foods to reduce irritation to the anus and reduce the risk of inflammation.

3. Lifestyle changes can help prevent anal fissure recurrence. Maintain regular bowel habits, avoid holding back bowel movements for long periods of time, and reduce anal pressure. Avoid sitting for long periods of time and do appropriate physical exercise, such as walking or yoga, to promote intestinal peristalsis and blood circulation. Pay attention to anal hygiene, wash with warm water after defecation, and avoid using rough toilet paper to reduce irritation to the anus.

4. For severe or recurrent anal fissures, surgical treatment may be required. Sphincterotomy reduces anal pressure and promotes healing of the fissure by partially cutting off the internal anal sphincter. Anal fissure resection directly removes the fissure and surrounding tissues and is suitable for chronic or complex anal fissures. Laser or radiofrequency ablation uses heat energy to seal the fissure, reduce bleeding and pain, and promote healing.

Treatment of anal fissures requires a combination of medication, dietary adjustments, and lifestyle changes. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be considered. Comprehensive treatment can effectively relieve symptoms, promote healing, and prevent recurrence. If symptoms persist or worsen, seek medical attention and receive professional diagnosis and treatment.