What are the symptoms of congenital hydrocephalus?

Symptoms of congenital hydrocephalus include abnormally increased head circumference, bulging anterior fontanelle, vomiting, lethargy, developmental delay, etc. Treatments include medication, surgery, and rehabilitation training, and the specific plan needs to be formulated according to the severity of the disease and the age of the patient.

1. Abnormal increase in head circumference

One of the main symptoms of congenital hydrocephalus is an abnormal increase in head circumference. As cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles, the intracranial pressure increases, and the head circumference will be significantly larger than that of children of the same age. Parents can observe changes by measuring the head circumference regularly, and seek medical attention in time if abnormalities are found.

2. Bulging anterior fontanelle

The anterior fontanelle is the part of the baby's skull that is not completely closed. Hydrocephalus can cause the anterior fontanelle to bulge or increase tension. When you touch it, you may feel that the anterior fontanelle is full or even bulging, which is a typical manifestation of increased intracranial pressure.

3. Vomiting and lethargy

Patients with hydrocephalus often vomit frequently, especially in the morning after getting up. Vomiting may be related to increased intracranial pressure. At the same time, patients may show symptoms such as drowsiness and mental depression, and even coma in severe cases.

4. Developmental Delay

Hydrocephalus affects the normal development of the brain, causing delays in movement, language and cognition. For example, children may not be able to learn to roll over, sit up or speak on time, and require early intervention and rehabilitation training.

5. Treatment methods

Drug treatment: Commonly used drugs include acetazolamide and furosemide, which are used to reduce cerebrospinal fluid secretion or promote its absorption.

Surgical treatment: Common surgical methods include ventriculoperitoneal shunt, endoscopic third ventriculostomy and external ventricular drainage.

Rehabilitation training: For children with developmental delays, physical therapy, language training and cognitive training can be used to help them restore their functions.

The symptoms of congenital hydrocephalus are diverse, and early detection and intervention are crucial. Parents should pay close attention to their children's growth and development, and seek medical attention in time if any abnormalities are found. Through comprehensive treatment with drugs, surgery and rehabilitation training, most children can achieve a good prognosis.