Can breast cysts develop into cancer?

Breast cysts generally do not develop into cancer, but in some rare cases they may increase the risk of breast cancer. Regular checkups are required to ensure early detection of potential problems. For the management of breast cysts, observation, drug treatment or surgical intervention is required depending on the specific situation.

1) Causes and nature of breast cysts

Breast cysts are benign masses formed by fluid accumulation in the breast lobules or ducts, usually related to fluctuations in estrogen levels. It is more common in women aged 30-50, often manifesting as pain or discomfort, but does not directly lead to cancer. In essence, breast cysts are benign lesions and are two different pathological processes from breast cancer. However, if the breast cyst is accompanied by irregular wall nodules, rapid enlargement, fixation, unilateral single cysts, etc., further investigation is needed to rule out the possibility of malignant lesions.

2) How to manage breast cysts

For small asymptomatic cysts, observation is generally sufficient, with annual breast examinations. If the cyst is large or painful, medication can be used to relieve symptoms, such as drugs that reduce estrogen stimulation, such as danazol, or drugs that disperse and reduce swelling. If the cyst is repeatedly infected or has a risk of malignant transformation, surgical removal is one of the necessary interventions.

3) Risk of breast cysts becoming cancerous

Breast cysts themselves will not turn into cancer, but complex cysts such as multicystic breast hyperplasia or repeated stimulation of long-term inflammation may increase the risk of breast cancer. Such patients are recommended to undergo ultrasound examinations every 6 months, and if necessary, combined with mammography or MRI to clarify the nature and maintain active follow-up.

Breast cysts are usually benign lesions, but the potential risks they may bring should not be ignored. Women are advised to have regular breast examinations and develop healthy lifestyle habits, such as a balanced diet, moderate exercise, and avoiding staying up late. If abnormal changes are found in the cyst, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible and choose the appropriate treatment to ensure breast health.