Causes and treatment of intestinal obstruction in newborns

Neonatal intestinal obstruction requires surgical treatment. Common causes include congenital intestinal malformations, meconium ileus, and intestinal malrotation. Depending on the cause, treatment includes surgical correction, intestinal decompression, and antibiotics to prevent infection.

1. Congenital intestinal malformation

Congenital intestinal malformations are one of the main causes of neonatal intestinal obstruction, such as intestinal atresia, intestinal stenosis or duplication. These malformations may be related to incomplete permeation or abnormal development of the intestinal lumen during fetal development. After diagnosis, surgery is required as soon as possible, such as intestinal anastomosis, intestinal resection and anastomosis or deformity correction, to restore intestinal patency.

2. Meconium ileus

Meconium ileus is often caused by intestinal obstruction due to sticky meconium, which is common in children with cystic fibrosis. Treatment includes using intestinal lavage fluid to soften the meconium, and if necessary, surgical removal of the meconium or intestinal decompression. At the same time, electrolyte balance should be monitored and nutritional support should be given.

3. Malrotation

Malrotation is related to abnormal development of the intestine during the fetal period, which may lead to intestinal torsion or mesenteric compression. Acute intestinal torsion requires emergency surgical reduction, while chronic cases can be prevented from revolving by enteropexy. The recovery of intestinal function needs to be closely observed after surgery.

The causes of neonatal intestinal obstruction are complex. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are the key to treatment. Postoperative care and nutritional support are required to promote the recovery of children.