Classification and clinical manifestations of cystitis

Cystitis can be divided into acute cystitis, chronic cystitis, interstitial cystitis and radiation cystitis. The main symptoms include frequent urination, urgency, pain during urination and lower abdominal discomfort. Treatment should be based on the type of cystitis, including antibiotics, analgesics or bladder instillation. At the same time, pay attention to drinking plenty of water and avoiding irritating foods.

Acute cystitis is mostly caused by bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli as a common pathogen. It manifests as sudden frequent urination, urgency, and pain during urination, and the urine may be turbid or bloody. Treatment is mainly based on antibiotics, such as levofloxacin, cefixime, etc., and the course of treatment is usually 3-7 days. Chronic cystitis has a long course and recurrent symptoms. It may be related to long-term infection, bladder stones or urinary tract obstruction. Treatment requires long-term use of antibiotics and elimination of the cause. The cause of interstitial cystitis is unknown and may be related to autoimmune or neurogenic factors. It manifests as bladder pain and frequent urination. Treatment can use bladder instillation drugs such as dimethyl sulfoxide or heparin, and analgesics such as gabapentin. Radiation cystitis is caused by radiotherapy and manifests as hematuria and bladder irritation symptoms. Treatment is mainly based on hemostatic drugs and bladder instillation. In severe cases, surgical intervention is required.

Acute cystitis is mostly caused by bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli as a common pathogen. It manifests as sudden frequent urination, urgency, and pain during urination, and the urine may be turbid or bloody. Treatment is mainly based on antibiotics, such as levofloxacin, cefixime, etc., and the course of treatment is usually 3-7 days. Chronic cystitis has a long course and recurrent symptoms. It may be related to long-term infection, bladder stones or urinary tract obstruction. Treatment requires long-term use of antibiotics and elimination of the cause. The cause of interstitial cystitis is unknown and may be related to autoimmune or neurogenic factors. It manifests as bladder pain and frequent urination. Treatment can use bladder instillation drugs such as dimethyl sulfoxide or heparin, and analgesics such as gabapentin. Radiation cystitis is caused by radiotherapy and manifests as hematuria and bladder irritation symptoms. Treatment is mainly based on hemostatic drugs and bladder instillation. In severe cases, surgical intervention is required.

In daily life, drinking more water helps dilute urine and reduce bladder irritation; avoiding spicy food, coffee and alcohol to prevent worsening symptoms; maintaining personal hygiene to prevent bacterial infection. The treatment of cystitis requires choosing appropriate drugs and methods according to the specific type and symptoms, while adjusting lifestyle habits to promote recovery.