Nursing of interventional treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysm

The focus of interventional treatment care for thoracic aortic aneurysm is on the prevention of postoperative complications, observation of vital signs, and management of daily rehabilitation. Patients must strictly follow the doctor's instructions, pay attention to rest, and promote recovery by monitoring their condition, using medications rationally, and optimizing their lifestyle.

1. Prevention and treatment of postoperative complications

After interventional treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysm, vascular complications, infection, and postoperative endoleak may occur.

- Postoperative endoleak monitoring: Endoleak is a common complication after interventional treatment. Patients should be followed up regularly and the position of the stent should be confirmed through imaging examinations such as CT to prevent abnormal blood flow from causing tumor enlargement.

-Infection prevention: During interventional treatment, a stent will be placed through an incision. The wound area needs to be kept clean and attention should be paid to observing signs of infection such as redness, swelling, and exudation. The dressing should be changed daily and medical advice should be strictly followed.

-Prevent blood clots: Blood clots may form after surgery. You should take anticoagulant drugs such as aspirin, warfarin, etc. as prescribed by your doctor. At the same time, avoid sitting for long periods of time to promote blood circulation in your lower limbs.

2. Close observation of vital signs

After treatment, monitoring of vital signs can detect and deal with abnormal conditions in the first place.

-Monitor blood pressure: Hypertension will increase the risk of thoracic aortic aneurysm. After surgery, you need to take antihypertensive drugs such as valsartan and amlodipine under the guidance of a doctor to keep your blood pressure stable.

-Heart rate control: A rapid heart rate after surgery will affect tumor healing. Heart rate changes should be monitored and beta-blockers such as metoprolol can be taken if necessary.

-Observe pain and breathing: Persistent chest and back pain or difficulty breathing may indicate stent migration or other complications and require immediate follow-up.

3. Daily care and life management during rehabilitation

During the postoperative recovery period, the patient's lifestyle will have an important impact on the long-term efficacy.

-Dietary regulation: Choose a low-salt, low-fat diet and take in a moderate amount of high-quality protein (such as fish and soy products) to reduce the risk of tumor expansion. Eat small meals frequently to avoid overeating.

-Moderate activity: In the early postoperative period, you should mainly move around in bed. During the recovery period, you can walk slowly or do some light exercise, but avoid high-intensity exercise. If you feel any discomfort, stop immediately and contact your doctor.

-Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption: Smoking can cause significant damage to arteries, affect stent tolerance, and increase the risk of unstable blood pressure. You should resolutely quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption to protect vascular health.

Post-interventional care for thoracic aortic aneurysm is crucial and a long-term process. Patients need to adhere to a healthy lifestyle and follow up regularly under the guidance of doctors and nursing teams to promote vascular health and improve quality of life with good care.