What is the cause of perianal abscess in women

Female perianal abscesses are mainly caused by infection, inflammation, trauma and other diseases, among which infection is the most common cause, especially infectious pus accumulation caused by bacteria or gland blockage. Understanding the specific pathogenic mechanism can help intervene as early as possible and avoid serious complications.

From a genetic perspective, although heredity itself is not the direct cause of perianal abscesses, some individuals may be more susceptible to infection due to weak immune function or abnormal tissue structure. Environmental factors include long periods of sitting, poor hygiene, and improper eating habits (greasy or spicy foods), which may irritate the perianal area and increase the risk of abscesses. Physiological factors mostly refer to women who are more susceptible to infection due to the greater influence of hormones, such as during pregnancy, menstruation, or when immunity is reduced due to chronic diseases. Trauma or small cracks around the anus, such as damage caused by improper wiping or anoscopy, can also become a portal of entry for bacterial infection. In addition, certain pathological problems such as Crohn's disease, diabetes, and chronic inflammation of perianal gland obstruction may indirectly lead to the formation of abscesses, and in severe cases may even cause infections in other parts of the body.

The core of treating perianal abscess is pus drainage and anti-infection. Drug treatment mainly uses antibiotics to control infection in the early stage. Commonly used drugs include cephalosporins (such as cefradine), macrolides (such as clarithromycin) or metronidazole to inhibit broad-spectrum bacteria. For patients with obvious pus accumulation, incision and drainage is an effective interventional measure. The abscess is surgically incised to remove the internal fluid. Minimally invasive surgery such as intubation and drainage is also suitable for some early cases. For patients with recurrent attacks, further examination may be required to determine whether there is an occult rectal fistula and radical surgery may be performed. In terms of diet, high-fiber foods such as oats, sweet potatoes and broccoli should be selected to improve the intestinal environment and avoid constipation; warm water and probiotics can be consumed in moderation to help maintain the balance of intestinal flora. For mild patients, warm water sitz baths can reduce local swelling, promote blood circulation and accelerate healing.

For daily prevention, it is very important to pay attention to the cleanliness of the anus. Avoid sitting for long periods of time. Appropriate activities every once in a while can promote smooth local blood circulation. If you need to work for a long time, you can use a soft cushion to relieve pressure. Avoid irritating foods in your diet, especially high-sugar and high-fat foods; eat more fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins to enhance immunity. Women during menstruation or pregnancy should pay special attention to anal discomfort, as this may accelerate the development of the disease. If symptoms include persistent pain, swelling around the anus with secretions, seek medical help immediately. Scientific treatment can prevent the disease from worsening or becoming chronic. Maintaining healthy living habits is the key to reducing the incidence rate.