How to perform surgery for gallstones

Gallstone surgery is a common and effective treatment for pain and other complications caused by stones in the gallbladder. Gallstones are small particles of cholesterol or bile pigments in the gallbladder, which is a small sac that stores bile. These particles can accumulate in the gallbladder and may cause pain, infection, or even more serious health problems.

Gallstones are usually divided into cholesterol stones and pigment stones. Cholesterol stones are more common, accounting for about 80% of all gallstones. The harm is caused by the imbalance of cholesterol, bile salts and lecithin in human bile. Pigment stones are caused by excessive accumulation of bile pigments, which may be related to chronic infection, history of bile tract surgery or blood diseases. Gallstones can cause biliary colic, which is usually manifested as severe pain in the upper abdomen, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, etc.

Regarding surgical treatment, the most common method is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This surgery is a minimally invasive procedure in which instruments are inserted through a small incision to remove the gallbladder. During the operation, the patient is usually under general anesthesia. Compared with traditional open surgery, laparoscopic surgery has a shorter recovery time, less trauma, and less postoperative pain. For certain complex cases, such as severe symptoms of cholecystitis, deformed gallbladder, or thickened gallbladder wall, doctors may recommend traditional open surgery. Emerging non-surgical treatments such as ultrasonic lithotripsy are suitable for patients who are unwilling to undergo surgery in special circumstances, but the effect is limited and the recurrence rate is high.

Before considering surgery, patients should consult a doctor and undergo a comprehensive examination to determine the necessity of surgery and the appropriate surgical method. Paying attention to rest after surgery, drinking plenty of water, and avoiding high-fat diets will help recovery. In the long run, developing healthy eating habits and regular physical examinations can help prevent gallstones and other digestive system diseases. Maintaining a moderate weight, eating a diversified diet, and eating less high-cholesterol foods are all effective ways to reduce the recurrence of stones. It should be made clear that if symptoms related to gallstones occur, you should see a doctor as soon as possible, and a professional doctor will determine the appropriate treatment plan.