Conventional methods of western medicine for treating skull base fractures

Conventional methods of Western medicine for treating skull base fractures:

1. In principle, skull fractures are treated with non-surgical symptomatic treatment. There is no special treatment for skull fractures themselves.

2. In the early stage of hospitalization, patients need to use antibiotics to prevent and control cross infection, and should be strictly disinfected and isolated. The ward should be ventilated with windows opened in the morning and evening to keep the indoor air circulating and fresh.

3. People with cerebrospinal fluid ear and nose leakage should keep the local area clean. When promoting early closure of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, a specific posture should be maintained. The purpose is to use gravity to transfer brain tissue to the site of dura mater injury at the base of the skull to help local adhesion and closure of leakage. Patients should absolutely stay in bed and maintain a specific posture until 3 days after the leakage stops. The vast majority of patients often heal on their own within 1 week after the injury. If the delay exceeds 1 month and still has not healed, or if it repeatedly causes meningitis and a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid loss, leading to low intracranial pressure patients, cerebrospinal fluid leakage repair can be performed according to the patient's condition.

4. Blowing your nose, sneezing, coughing hard, defecating behind a screen, etc. can increase intracranial pressure, aggravate cerebrospinal fluid leakage or cause pneumocephalus. Patients with skull base fractures should avoid the above actions. Picking your nose, ears, suctioning phlegm, or inserting a nasal tube, dripping medicine, flushing, or packing is strictly prohibited.

5. Patients with cranial nerve injuries can be injected with vitamin B1, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12, hormones and vasodilation. Patients whose optic nerves are compressed by bone fragments or hematomas should undergo optic nerve decompression surgery in a timely manner, but it has no effect on patients who become blind immediately after the trauma. For patients with massive and fatal nose bleeding, it is necessary to immediately insert a trachea to eliminate blood in the airway and make breathing smooth, then fill the nasal cavity, compress the lateral common carotid artery, quickly infuse fluids, and perform surgery to save the patient's life if necessary. Patients with skull fractures and medullary pressure injuries should have their trachea cut as soon as possible, ventilator-assisted breathing, skull traction, and occipital muscle decompression if necessary.