What is a skull base fracture?

What is a basilar skull fracture?

Skull base fracture is a common neurosurgical disease. It is a type of skull fracture that mainly extends to the skull base. Most of them are linear fractures, and a few may be comminuted fractures. Simple skull base fractures are uncommon. At the same time, the skull base bone and sinuses are adjacent, so when a fracture occurs, it is easy to cause communication between the inside and outside of the skull, so skull base fractures can also be called "internal open fractures."

reason:

1 Skull fracture extension.

2 Violent action is applied to the nearby skull base plane.

3. Head compression injury, violence causes widespread bending and deformation of the skull.

4 In some cases, when a vertical impact hits the head or falls from a height, the buttocks land on the ground.

The skull base is divided into the anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa, and posterior cranial fossa from front to back.

The main symptoms are as follows:

1. The ecchymosis of anterior cranial fossa fracture is located under the upper and lower eyelids and conjunctiva, which is called "panda" eye sign and may be accompanied by rhinorrhea.

2. Intracranial fossa fractures have ecchymoses located in the mastoid area and may be accompanied by otorrhea;

3. The ecchymosis of posterior fossa fracture is located in the mastoid area and posterior pharyngeal wall, without cerebrospinal fluid leakage.

During skull examination, X-rays only examine 30 to 50% of the lines; if necessary, fracture lines can be displayed, and skull base films, tomography, or CT scans can be performed. X-rays and CT scans are sometimes not easy to detect, and the diagnosis mainly depends on the clinical features of local injury congestion, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and nerve damage.

Patients with skull base fractures should follow the doctor's advice after discharge and should not stop or reduce their exercise. They should combine work and rest, do aerobic exercises such as walking and jogging, avoid headaches and dizziness, and avoid physical labor within six months after discharge. They should protect their heads and avoid external collisions. If symptoms such as worsening headaches, dizziness, and runny ears and noses occur, go to the hospital in time.