What causes hydronephrosis and how to treat it?

Treatments for hydronephrosis stones include medication, surgery and lifestyle adjustments. Common causes include urinary tract obstruction, metabolic abnormalities and infection. The formation of hydronephrosis stones is related to urinary tract obstruction, metabolic abnormalities, infection, genetic factors and bad lifestyle habits. Treatment should take appropriate measures based on the cause.

1. Urinary tract obstruction is a common cause of hydronephrosis and stones. For example, prostatic hyperplasia, urinary tract stenosis, etc. lead to obstruction of urine excretion, and urine retention causes stones. Treatment methods include surgery to relieve obstruction, such as transurethral resection of the prostate, ureteroscopic lithotripsy, etc., and drug treatment can use alpha receptor blockers to relieve symptoms.

2. Metabolic abnormalities such as hypercalcemia and hyperuricemia can easily lead to stone formation. Treatment requires adjusting the metabolic state, using drugs such as thiazide diuretics to reduce urinary calcium, and allopurinol to control uric acid. At the same time, pay attention to dietary adjustments to reduce the intake of high-calcium and high-purine foods.

3. Urinary tract infection is an important cause of hydronephrosis stones. Bacterial infection causes changes in urine composition and promotes stone formation. Treatment requires the use of antibiotics to control infection, such as cephalosporins, quinolones, etc., and urine drainage is performed at the same time to avoid worsening of infection.

4. Genetic factors such as familial hypercalciuria and cystinuria increase the risk of stones. Treatment should take targeted measures according to the specific genetic disease, such as low-calcium diet, alkalinized urine, etc., and gene therapy if necessary.

5. Bad living habits such as insufficient drinking water and high-salt and high-fat diet increase the risk of stones. Treatment requires improving lifestyle, increasing daily water intake, maintaining a light diet, and exercising appropriately to promote metabolism.

The treatment of hydronephrosis stones requires comprehensive consideration of the cause and the use of a combination of drug therapy, surgical treatment and lifestyle adjustments. At the same time, attention should be paid to preventing recurrence, maintaining good living habits and regular physical examinations.