Is surgery necessary for breast cysts?

Whether a breast cyst requires surgery depends on the size, symptoms and nature of the cyst. Most breast cysts are benign and do not require surgery when there is no obvious discomfort. Regular observation is all that is needed.

Breast cysts are fluid sacs formed in the breast glands, like a small balloon filled with fluid. This is usually a common problem caused by fluctuations in hormone levels, and is more common in women of childbearing age or perimenopause. The size and symptoms of the cysts can vary with the menstrual cycle. There may be no symptoms at all, or it may cause localized pain. If the cyst is close to the skin surface, you may also feel a noticeable lump.

If the symptoms are mild and the cyst is diagnosed as a simple cyst, surgery is not required. Some larger cysts can relieve symptoms by puncture and fluid extraction. If the cyst causes persistent pain, recurs repeatedly, or is suspected to be at risk of malignancy (such as hard texture, unclear boundaries, rapid growth, etc.), further examination is required, including imaging examination or tissue testing. When the cyst is confirmed to be a complex lesion, the doctor may recommend surgical removal.

In daily care, maintaining good living habits can help relieve the discomfort of breast cysts, such as maintaining a healthy diet, avoiding excessive intake of stimulating foods (such as caffeine), having a regular work and rest schedule, and exercising moderately. If the cyst continues to grow or is accompanied by abnormal symptoms, you should seek evaluation from a professional doctor in a timely manner to ensure your health and safety.