The harm and pathological changes of gallstones

Gallstones may cause severe abdominal pain, indigestion, and even gallbladder infection. It is recommended to seek medical attention as soon as possible when obvious discomfort occurs to avoid worsening of the condition.

Gallstones are crystalline masses formed in the gallbladder or bile duct, usually formed by the accumulation of bile components such as cholesterol and calcium salts. Their occurrence is closely related to abnormal bile metabolism, eating habits and genetic factors. It may take months or even years for small stones to develop into symptoms, so it is often difficult to detect in the early stages.

In some cases, gallstones can block the bile duct, causing obstruction of bile flow, which can lead to severe right upper abdominal cramping pain that is often aggravated by greasy food and may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or a persistent bitter taste in the mouth. If the stones lead to inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis), symptoms of infection such as fever and chills may also occur. If not treated promptly, more serious complications such as pancreatitis, cholangitis, or liver damage may ensue. Long-term chronic stones also increase the risk of gallbladder cancer.

Healthy eating is an important measure to prevent gallstones. For example, reducing high-fat and high-oil intake and increasing dietary fiber intake can help maintain normal bile metabolism. Proper exercise and maintaining a healthy weight can also reduce the possibility of stone formation. If gallstones have been diagnosed, overeating, especially high-fat foods, should be avoided, otherwise it may induce acute symptoms. If abdominal pain recurs or complications are suspected, further examinations should be arranged and treatment options should be discussed with a specialist, such as drug lithotripsy or surgery.