What causes perianal abscess?

Perianal abscess is caused by infection in the perianal area, which usually comes from blockage of anal glands and bacterial invasion. It is one of the common anorectal diseases and may cause pain, redness, swelling and even fever, which requires early attention.

The formation of perianal abscesses is mainly due to the blockage of the anal gland opening, which prevents the anal gland secretions from being discharged normally, thus creating conditions for the growth of bacteria. The opening of the human anal gland is located inside the anal canal, adjacent to the bacterial environment of the rectum. Once the local immune barrier is damaged or hygiene is not up to standard, streptococci, staphylococci or other bacteria in the intestine can easily take the opportunity to invade and cause infection. Common causes include excessive fatigue, low immunity, poor diet or sitting for a long time. It may also be because the anal glands are repeatedly stimulated and damaged during diarrhea or constipation. In addition, patients with certain intestinal diseases such as Crohn's disease and diabetes are also prone to perianal abscesses.

From the appearance and symptoms, perianal abscess may manifest as mild local discomfort or induration in the early stage, but it will quickly develop into obvious swelling, redness, heat and severe pain in the perianal area, which may be accompanied by fever, chills or fatigue. Some patients may be in so much pain that they cannot sit or walk, and in severe cases, the disease may fester and rupture. If the internal pus cannot be drained, the infection may spread to deeper tissues and even cause severe systemic infection and become sepsis. Another subsequent risk of perianal abscess is the development of anal fistula, an abnormal channel between the abscess cavity and the anal canal, leading to repeated infection and outflow of secretions, making the condition difficult to cure.

To prevent perianal abscess, it is recommended to keep the area around the anus clean and dry, especially in summer or when you sweat a lot. You can change into breathable cotton underwear to avoid hot and humid environment. Develop good bowel habits, try to avoid frequent diarrhea and excessive force during bowel movements to prevent anal gland injury; eat more foods rich in dietary fiber such as vegetables and whole grains to help maintain intestinal health. Pay attention to enhancing immunity, such as more exercise and regular work and rest. If the above symptoms have already appeared, you should pay great attention and go to the hospital for examination and treatment in time to avoid more serious complications.