What causes perianal abscess?

The main cause of perianal abscess is infection of the anal glands or tissues around the anus, which causes bacteria to invade and lead to the accumulation of pus to form an abscess. This problem is common in adults and children, and symptoms may include pain, swelling and fever.

The formation of perianal abscesses is usually closely related to anal gland obstruction or infection. Anal glands are small glands near the intestines that help secrete lubricating fluid to help defecation. If the outlet of the anal glands is blocked by stool residue or inflammation, it may become a "hotbed" for bacteria. Some anal fissures or intestinal diseases (such as Crohn's disease) can also increase the chance of infection. People with low immunity are more likely to be "attacked" by bacteria.

When an infection occurs, bacteria begin to secrete toxins, destroying surrounding tissues and forming an "inflammatory nest", which will eventually accumulate a large amount of pus, leading to an abscess. Patients generally feel obvious discomfort in the perianal area, such as local redness, swelling, burning, tenderness, and may even have symptoms of low fever or chills. If the abscess is large, it may also affect sitting posture and activities, and in severe cases, fistulas may form.

To prevent perianal abscess, you should first pay attention to the cleanliness of the anus. It is particularly important to develop good hygiene habits, especially after defecation, to ensure that the anal area is clean to avoid bacterial growth. You should pay attention to your diet structure, take in an appropriate amount of dietary fiber and water, and prevent constipation or diarrhea, which may increase the pressure on the anal glands and increase the risk of infection. If symptoms have already appeared, it is recommended not to delay and seek medical attention in time to avoid worsening of the condition. Perianal abscesses are unlikely to heal on their own in the short term, so they need to be evaluated and treated by a professional doctor.