Symptoms and serious consequences of neonatal intestinal obstruction

Neonatal intestinal obstruction is a serious disease that may cause intestinal dysfunction or even endanger life, and requires immediate medical attention. Common symptoms of intestinal obstruction include vomiting, abdominal distension, and difficulty in defecation. In severe cases, it may cause intestinal necrosis or infection. Treatment methods include drug therapy, surgical treatment, and nutritional support.

1. Causes of intestinal obstruction

Genetic factors may lead to abnormal development of the newborn's intestine, such as congenital megacolon or intestinal malrotation. Environmental factors such as maternal infection or drug use may also affect fetal intestinal development. Physiological factors such as immature intestinal peristalsis or meconium blockage are common causes. Trauma such as intestinal damage during delivery or adhesions after surgery may also cause intestinal obstruction. Pathological factors include intestinal inflammation, tumors or other diseases.

2. Symptoms of intestinal obstruction

Typical symptoms of intestinal obstruction in newborns include frequent vomiting, which may contain bile or feces. Obvious abdominal distension, and hard masses or tenderness may be found on palpation of the abdomen. Defecation may be difficult or completely stopped, and may be accompanied by bloody stools. In severe cases, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, or shock may occur. These symptoms require immediate medical attention to avoid delays in treatment.

3. Treatment of intestinal obstruction

Drug treatment includes the use of antibiotics to prevent infection, antispasmodics to relieve intestinal spasms, and fluid and electrolyte supplementation to correct dehydration. Surgical treatment is the main method to relieve obstruction. Common procedures include intestinal resection and anastomosis, enterostomy, and adhesion lysis. Nutritional support includes intravenous nutrition and gradual resumption of enteral feeding to ensure that the newborn gets adequate nutrition.

4. Prevention and care

Regular checkups during pregnancy can detect abnormalities in the fetal intestine early. Avoid excessive force or use of improper instruments during delivery to reduce the risk of intestinal damage. Pay attention to the bowel movements of the newborn after birth and seek medical attention in time if abnormalities are found. Postoperative care includes keeping the wound clean, avoiding infection, and regular follow-up to monitor recovery.

Early identification and timely treatment of neonatal intestinal obstruction are crucial. Parents need to pay close attention to the newborn's bowel movements and eating habits, and seek medical attention promptly if any abnormalities are found. Through scientific treatment and careful care, most children can restore normal intestinal function and grow up healthily.