What grade of breast cyst requires surgery?

Whether a breast cyst requires surgery is generally determined by its size, symptoms, and imaging findings. If the cyst is large in diameter (usually more than 3-5 cm), has obvious symptoms (such as pain, pressure), or is at risk of malignancy, surgical treatment may be considered.

1) How to distinguish the grades of breast cysts

The grade of breast cysts usually depends on the classification of imaging examinations (such as breast ultrasound, mammography, etc.) and the results of the doctor's comprehensive evaluation. For example, according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS), breast cysts can be divided into different grades:

-BI-RADS grade 2: simple cyst, benign, no further treatment required.

-BI-RADS grade 3: low-grade abnormality, extremely low possibility of malignancy, and can be observed and followed up.

-BI-RADS level 4: Suspicious lesions requiring biopsy for definitive diagnosis.

-BI-RADS grade 5 or 6: highly suspected or confirmed malignancy, requiring active intervention.

Simple cysts usually do not require surgery. However, if the cyst is complex or accompanied by other tissue proliferation phenomena, surgical resection may be required if the BI-RADS assessment is high.

2) Common reasons why breast cysts require surgery

Your doctor may recommend surgery if:

-The cyst is large and the symptoms are obvious: When the diameter of the cyst exceeds 3-5 cm, or it compresses the surrounding tissues and causes pain, redness, swelling and other discomfort.

-Suspicion of malignancy: If imaging studies show solid components within the cyst or irregular cyst borders, a high level of suspicion of malignancy is warranted.

-Recurrent infection or cystic effusion: The cyst continues to accumulate fluid after multiple aspirations or is accompanied by chronic inflammation.

3) What types of surgery are there?

The specific surgical method depends on the size and nature of the cyst and the patient's health condition:

-Excision: For benign cysts with obvious symptoms, local excision can be chosen to avoid recurrence.

-Minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopic surgery): It can be used for smaller cysts or those with a low risk of malignancy. It causes less trauma and allows for quick recovery.

-Mastectomy: Mastectomy may be necessary if breast cancer or cysts with malignant changes are found.

4) Non-surgical treatment and relief methods

For asymptomatic or benign cysts, the following observations and symptomatic treatments are usually adopted:

-Diet adjustment: Avoid high-fat and high-sugar diets, and consume more fiber-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits.

-Drug treatment: Some cysts caused by hormone imbalance can be treated with drugs to regulate hormone levels under the guidance of a doctor, such as oral contraceptives.

-Lifestyle adjustments: Maintain a good work and rest schedule and avoid excessive psychological stress.

Whether breast cysts require surgery depends on the specific situation. It is recommended to undergo a comprehensive examination and treatment under the guidance of a professional doctor. Regardless of whether or not you undergo surgery, you should have your breasts checked regularly, especially for women with a family history of breast disease. Early detection and early treatment can effectively prevent malignant changes.