Do breast cysts require surgery?

Breast cysts generally do not require surgery unless the cyst is large, has recurrent infections, or is at risk of malignancy. Breast cysts are common benign lesions that can be treated with observation and medication in most cases, and surgical removal is only considered under certain conditions.

1) Causes and characteristics of breast cysts

Breast cysts are caused by cystic expansion or blockage in the breast lobules. They are common in women aged 30-50 and may be related to hormone fluctuations, menstrual cycles or bad lifestyle habits. Cysts usually appear as smooth, soft, painless but movable lumps. Most of them are benign lesions and rarely become malignant.

2) Which situations require observation or non-surgical treatment?

Most breast cysts do not require treatment, especially those that are small and have no obvious symptoms. Women can alleviate possible hormone imbalances by adjusting their diet and daily routine. It is recommended to avoid excessive caffeine intake and supplement with vitamin-rich foods. You can also take medications under the guidance of a doctor, such as vitamin E or birth control pills, to help regulate hormone levels. If the cyst is not large, you only need to have regular imaging examinations and do not need to worry too much.

3) What situations require surgery?

Surgery is suitable for the following situations:

①If the cyst is >3-4 cm in diameter and causes pressure on the skin or other parts, surgery may be required.

② If the cyst shows symptoms such as repeated infection, pain or suppuration, surgical drainage or cyst removal is usually recommended.

③ Breast ultrasound or puncture examination indicates that the mass has a malignant tendency (such as irregular cyst wall, calcification or abnormal blood flow signal), and timely surgical intervention is required. Common surgical methods include minimally invasive surgery, puncture aspiration or cystectomy, and the specific method is determined by the doctor according to the patient's condition.

In most cases, breast cysts do not require surgical intervention, but regular checkups are required to understand cyst changes and prevent deterioration. If the cyst becomes larger, painful, or highly suspected of malignancy, it is very important to seek medical attention early in order to obtain timely and effective treatment.