What are the symptoms of kidney stones in men

Symptoms of kidney stones in men are often severe pain in the waist or lower abdomen, hematuria, frequent urination and urgency. Treatments include medication, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, and surgical removal of the stones. Adjusting the diet and increasing water intake can help prevent and relieve symptoms.

1. The formation of kidney stones is related to many factors, including genetics, eating habits, metabolic abnormalities, etc. Men are more likely to develop kidney stones due to their physiological structure and living habits. A high-protein, high-salt, and high-sugar diet increases the risk of stones, while insufficient water intake causes urine concentration and promotes stone formation. Metabolic abnormalities such as hyperuricemia and hypercalciuria are also common causes.

2. The typical symptoms of kidney stones are severe pain in the waist or lower abdomen, which is often paroxysmal and may radiate to the groin or perineum. Hematuria is another common symptom, which may be visible to the naked eye or found under a microscope. Frequent urination, urination difficulties, nausea and vomiting may also occur. In severe cases, it may cause urinary tract infection or renal damage.

3. Drug treatment is one of the common methods for kidney stones. Commonly used drugs include analgesics such as ibuprofen, opioids, antispasmodics such as atropine, and drugs that promote stone excretion such as alpha blockers. For smaller stones, drug treatment combined with drinking plenty of water may help the stones pass on their own.

4. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is a common non-invasive method for treating kidney stones. The shock waves generated outside the body break up the stones, making them easier to excrete with urine. This method is suitable for stones with a diameter of less than 2 cm and the patient has normal renal function. After the operation, you need to drink a lot of water to promote the excretion of the broken stones.

5. For larger or more complex kidney stones, surgical removal may be necessary. Common surgical methods include percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureteroscopic lithotripsy. These surgeries use minimally invasive techniques to directly remove stones and are suitable for situations where drug treatment and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy are ineffective. After surgery, attention should be paid to preventing infection and stone recurrence.

6. Diet adjustment plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of kidney stones. It is recommended to reduce the intake of high-protein, high-salt, and high-sugar foods and increase fiber-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits. Avoid excessive intake of foods high in oxalic acid such as spinach and chocolate. Increase water intake and maintain a daily urine volume of more than 2 liters to help dilute urine and reduce stone formation.

7. Increasing the amount of exercise can also help prevent kidney stones. Moderate aerobic exercise such as walking, swimming, and cycling can promote metabolism and reduce the risk of stones. Avoiding long periods of sitting and engaging in regular physical activity can help improve overall health.

The symptoms and treatment of kidney stones require a personalized plan based on individual circumstances. Early detection and timely treatment can effectively relieve symptoms and prevent complications. By adjusting the diet structure, increasing water intake and exercising moderately, the risk of stone recurrence can be reduced and the quality of life can be improved.