What are the basic principles of minimally invasive surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm and how to take care of it in daily life

What are the basic principles of minimally invasive surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm? How to take care of it on a daily basis?

1. For abdominal aortic aneurysms below the plane of the renal artery, the abdominal aorta and bilateral iliac arteries below the renal artery are exposed through the abdominal cavity or retroperitoneal channel, the abdominal aorta and bilateral common iliac arteries at the upper edge of the tumor are freed, and the aorta and bilateral iliac arteries are blocked after systemic heparin administration; the aneurysm wall is cut open and the lumbar artery is quickly sutured. The thrombosis and atherosclerotic debris in the tumor cavity are removed; straight or Y-shaped artificial rehabilitation blood vessels are implanted according to the shape and specifications of the aneurysm; after the anastomosis is completed, the artificial blood vessel is wrapped with the previously cut aneurysm wall. The inferior mesenteric artery can be sutured to the side wall of the artificial blood vessel or ligated, which should be determined according to the blood supply of the left colon. If the distal anastomosis is built on the distal side of the bifurcation plane of the common iliac artery, the blood flow of the internal iliac artery should be retained on at least one side.

2. Abdominal aortic aneurysms above the renal artery level should be exposed and the thoracic aorta blocked through a combined thoracoabdominal incision; the same as the above temporary surgical steps, after the implantation of the artificial blood vessel, the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery and renal artery must be quickly matched with the artificial blood vessel on Wednesday to shorten the visceral ischemia time as much as possible and reduce the damage caused by ischemia.

How to take care of daily life?

1. Patients generally fast for at least 3 days after surgery, and eat a small amount of fluid after exhaust. After 7 days, they gradually resume normal diet. If abdominal distension is obvious, gastrointestinal decompression should be performed according to routine fluid replacement or nutritional support. Correcting anemia or hypoproteinemia is also very important for the patient's recovery.

2. Help the patient take deep breaths and cough effectively regularly to eliminate respiratory secretions and fully expand the lungs. Change body positions frequently to avoid partial drooping of the lungs for a long time, which can lead to pulmonary congestion, secretion retention and atelectasis.

3. When the patient is awake and has normal blood pressure, they can lie semi-lying, and the lower limbs can be bent and raised. If you are not awake or are in a coma and hypotension, you should lie flat. After the condition stabilizes, encourage the patient to move his limbs in bed early and get up within 1 week after surgery.