What causes anal fistula in men

Anal fistula in men is usually caused by anal gland infection, common causes include anal abscess, intestinal inflammation or trauma. Treatment requires medication, surgery or lifestyle adjustments depending on the condition.

1. Genetic factors

Some men may have abnormal anal gland structure due to genetic factors, which increases the risk of infection. People with a family history of anal fistulas need to pay more attention to anal hygiene and have regular checkups.

2. Environmental factors

Long-term sitting, irregular diet or poor hygiene may induce anal fistula. Sitting for a long time will lead to poor blood circulation in the anus and increase the chance of infection. Improving lifestyle habits, such as increasing exercise and keeping the anus clean, can help prevent it.

3. Physiological factors

Blockage of anal gland secretions is a common cause of anal fistula. When gland secretions cannot be discharged normally, bacteria are likely to grow, forming abscesses and developing into anal fistulas. Regular anal examinations can effectively prevent problems by promptly detecting and treating them.

4. Trauma

Trauma or surgery to the anal area can damage the glands or surrounding tissues, leading to infection. The wound needs to be treated promptly to prevent the infection from spreading.

5. Pathological factors

Inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis may cause anal fistulas. These diseases require comprehensive treatment to control inflammation while also targeting anal fistulas.

Treatment:

Drug treatment: Antibiotics such as cephalosporins and penicillins can control infection; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen can relieve pain; topical ointments such as erythromycin ointment can promote healing.

Surgical treatment: Fistulotomy is suitable for simple anal fistula; hanging thread therapy is used for complex anal fistula; fistulectomy is used for recurrent cases.

Lifestyle adjustments: Increase fiber-rich foods such as oats and vegetables to promote intestinal motility; avoid sitting for long periods of time, and do moderate exercise every day such as walking and yoga; keep the anus clean and wash it with warm water after defecation.

The prevention and treatment of male anal fistula requires comprehensive measures based on the cause. Timely medical treatment, selection of appropriate treatment plans, and improvement of lifestyle can effectively control the disease and improve the quality of life.