Is surgery for congenital hydrocephalus risky?

The surgical risks of congenital hydrocephalus need to be evaluated according to the patient's specific situation, usually including infection, bleeding and cerebrospinal fluid leakage, but the risks can be effectively reduced through adequate preoperative evaluation and strict postoperative care. Hydrocephalus is caused by excessive fluid in the ventricles due to cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorders. Common causes include congenital developmental abnormalities, infection or cerebral hemorrhage. Surgical treatments mainly include ventriculoperitoneal shunt, endoscopic third ventriculostomy and ventriculo-atrial shunt.

1. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt: excess cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles is drained into the abdominal cavity through a catheter. The function of the shunt tube needs to be checked regularly after surgery to avoid blockage or infection. Postoperative care includes keeping the wound clean, avoiding strenuous exercise, and monitoring body temperature and headache symptoms.

2. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: A fistula is created in the ventricle through endoscopy to restore cerebrospinal fluid circulation. After the operation, it is necessary to observe the changes in cerebrospinal fluid pressure to avoid excessive or low intracranial pressure. Postoperative care includes regular review of cerebrospinal fluid flow and monitoring of neurological function recovery.

3. Ventricular-atrial shunt: Drain cerebrospinal fluid to the atrium. After surgery, cardiac function and blood biochemical indicators need to be monitored to avoid thrombosis or infection. Postoperative care includes regular review of cardiac function and avoidance of strenuous activities.

During the postoperative recovery process, patients need to maintain good living habits, avoid excessive fatigue, and regularly check the cerebrospinal fluid circulation. It is recommended to consume more foods rich in protein and vitamins, such as eggs, fish, and fresh vegetables, to promote wound healing and physical recovery. In terms of exercise, you can do light activities, such as walking or yoga, and avoid strenuous exercise. Although there are surgical risks for congenital hydrocephalus, through scientific treatment and care, patients can significantly improve their quality of life and reduce the incidence of complications. Regular follow-up and rehabilitation training after surgery are the key to ensuring the effectiveness of the surgery. Patients and their families need to actively cooperate with the doctor's guidance to ensure long-term rehabilitation effects.